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干旱区绿洲城市水资源开发利用的潜力——以乌鲁木齐市为例

, PP. 973-980

Keywords: 水资源,开发利用潜力,绿洲城市,乌鲁木齐

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Abstract:

西北干旱地区的水资源短缺,严重制约了绿洲城市的健康发展。基于乌鲁木齐市1995—2010年水资源开发利用现状,构建了水资源开发利用潜力的综合评价模型。结果表明①地表水是乌鲁木齐市的主要水源,全市多年平均水资源量为11.20×108m3,人均水资源量远低于新疆平均水平。水资源开发率持续快速增长,用水总量甚至已超过区域当年来水总量。②用水总量呈波动增长,2010年达10.89×108m3,农业生产是主要的用水部门,但近年来农业用水比例有所下降,工业与生活用水逐步增加。③水资源本底条件和开发利用程度显著恶化,利用效率和管理能力则迅速改善。总体来看,乌鲁木齐市水资源开发利用潜力在波动中逐渐下降,其中人口快速增长、经济高速发展、水资源污染加重是主要因素。

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