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新疆山地针叶林乔木胸径-树高关系分析

, PP. 47-53

Keywords: 针叶林,乔木,尖削度,气候,树高-胸径,山地,新疆

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Abstract:

树木的生长包括了径向生长和垂直生长两个方面,这两方面具有密切的关系,这一关系既受到树木本身的控制,同时也受森林立地条件的影响。通过分析新疆阿尔泰山、天山南北坡以及昆仑山区11个地点120个样方的胸径-树高关系。结果表明昆仑山的尖削度(taper)显著大于其余3地,其潜在最大树高(potentialheight,H*)显著小于阿尔泰山和天山北坡。随着海拔的升高,针叶林尖削度显著上升,潜在最大树高显著下降;随年降水的增加,尖削度显著减小,而潜在最大树高显著增加。一般线性模型(generallinearmodel,GLM)分析表明,尖削度和潜在最大树高受年降水、坡向和林型等因素影响较大,而受年平均气温的影响较小,说明新疆山区针叶林胸径-树高关系主要受水分的影响,即水分是生产力的限制因素。胸径-树高与气候的关系具有区域分异,在北疆,尖削度受坡向、坡位和年平均气温的影响较大,而受年降水的影响较小;在南疆,尖削度主要受年降水和坡向的影响,其次是年平均气温。

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