全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

黄土高原土壤生物结皮对植物种子出苗和生长的影响

, PP. 800-807

Keywords: 生物土壤结皮,种子出苗,植被盖度,破碎结皮,吴起县,黄土高原

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

为了解生物土壤结皮对植物种子萌发出苗和植物生长的影响,于2009年7~8月在陕西省吴起县进行野外调查,对油松(Pinustabulaeformis)、柠条(Caraganakorshinskii)、沙棘(Hippophaerhamnoides)和杜梨(Pyrusbetulaefolia)种子进行萌发实验,研究生物结皮与植被之间的相互关系以及完整结皮、破碎结皮和覆土处理对这4种种子出苗和生长的影响。结果表明随着生物结皮盖度和厚度的增加,植被盖度和数量显著减少(P<0.01),植被种类有增加的趋势(P>0.05);植物种子类型和结皮类型显著影响种子的出苗率和出苗过程(P<0.01),但两者的交互效应对出苗率影响较小(P>0.05),而对出苗过程影响显著(P<0.01);破碎结皮下的出苗率较完整结皮下的高,与覆土下的种子出苗率无显著差异,是否减慢出苗速率因植物种子类型而异;破碎结皮增加了植物的生物量,覆土条件下的植物根冠比最大,完整结皮是否影响植物的生物量和根冠比因植物种子类型而异。

References

[1]  Eldridge D J,Green R S B.Microbiotic soil crusts:A view of there roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia 〔J〕.Australian Journal of Soil Research,1994,32:389-415.
[2]  Belnap J,Lange O L.Biological Soil Crusts:Structure,Function and Management〔M〕.Berlin:Springer,2003.
[3]  吴玉环,高谦,程国栋.生物土壤结皮的生态功能.生态学杂志,2002,21(4):41-45.
[4]  赵允格,许明祥,王全九,等.黄土丘陵区退耕地生物结皮理化性状初报〔J〕.应用生态学报,2006,17(8):1 429-1 434.
[5]  Crisp M D.Long Term Change in Arid Zone Vegetation at Koonamore,South Australia.Adelaide:University of South Australia,1975.
[6]  Gutterman Y.Strategies of seed dispersal and germination in plants inhibiting desert.Botanic Review,1994,60:373-416.
[7]  Evans R A,Young J A.Microsite requirements for downy brome Bromus tectorum infestation and control on sagebrush rangelands.Weed Science,1984,13:13-17.李新荣,张元明,赵允格.生物土壤结皮研究:进展、前沿与展望.地球科学进展,2009,24(1):11-25.
[8]  卜楠,朱清科,王蕊,等.陕北黄土区生物土壤结皮抗冲性研究.北京林业大学学报,2009,31(5):96-101.
[9]  Harper K T,St Clair L L.Cryptogamic Soil Crusts on Arid and Semiarid Rangelands in Utah:Effect on Seedling Establishment and Soil Stability.Provo,UT:Department of Botany Rangeland Science,Brigham Young University,1985.
[10]  Zaady E,Gutterman Y,Boeken B.The germination of mucilaginous seeds of Plantago coronopus,Reboudia pinnata, and Carrichtera annuaon cyanobacterial soil crust from the Negev Deser.Plant and Soil,1997,190:247-252.
[11]  Aguilar V R,Alvarez H G,Cacheux I M,et al.Physical effect of biological soil crusts on seed germination of two desert plants under laboratory conditions.Journal of Arid Environment,2005,63:344-352.
[12]  Belnap J,Harper K T,Warren S D.Surface disturbance of cryptobiotic soil crusts:Nitrogenase activity,chlorophyll content and chlorophyll degradation.Arid Soil ,1994,8:1-8.
[13]  Happer K T,Marble J R.A role for nonvascular plants in management of arid and semiarid rangelands〔C〕// Tueller P T.Vegetation Science Applications for Rangeland Analysis and Management.Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1988:135-169.
[14]  李守中,肖洪浪,罗芳,等.沙坡头植被固沙区生物结皮对土壤水文过程的调控作用.中国沙漠,2005,25(2):228-233.
[15]  West N E.Structure and function of microphytic soil crusts in wild land ecosystems of arid to semiarid regions.Advances in Ecological Research,1990,20:179-223.
[16]  Johansen J R.Cryptogamic crusts of semiarid and arid lands of North America.Journal of Phycology,1993,29:140-147.
[17]  Jeffries D L,Klopatek J M.Effects of grazing on the vegetation of the blackbrush association.Journal of Range Management,1987,40:390-392.
[18]  Beymer R J,Klopatek J M.Effects of grazing on cryptogamic crusts in pinyonjuniper woodlands in Grand Canyon National Park.American Midland Naturalist,1992,127:139-148.
[19]  Happer K T,Pendleton R L.Cyanobacteria and cyanolichens:Can they enhance availability of essential minerals for higher plants.Great Basin Naturalist,1993,53:59-72.
[20]  Carleton T J.Variation in terricolous bryophyte and macrolichen vegetation along primary gradients in Canadian boreal forests.Journal of Vegetation Science,1990,1:585-594.
[21]  Belnap J,Prasse R,Happer K T.Influence of biological soilcrusts on soil environments and vascular plants 〔C〕//Belnap J,Lange O L.Biological Soil Crusts:Structure,Function and Management.Berlin:Springer Verlag,2003:281-300.
[22]  李新荣,张景光,王新平,等.干旱沙漠区土壤微生物结皮及其对固沙植被影响的研究.植物学报,2000,42(9):965-970.
[23]  Clair St L L,Johansen J R.Introduction to the symposium on soil crust communities.Great Basin Naturalist,1993,53(1):1-4.
[24]  Prasse R,Bornkamm R.Effects of microbiotic soil surface crustson emergence of vascular plants.Plant Ecology,2000,150:65-75.
[25]  Tanja M L,Christian S,Angelika S.Biological soil crusts and their microenvironment:Impact on emergence,survival and establishment of seedlings.Flora,2009,204:157-168.
[26]  焦雯珺,朱清科,张宇清,等.陕北黄土区退耕还林地生物结皮分布及其影响因子研究.北京林业大学学报,2007,29(1):102-107.
[27]  杜国祯,马锦荣.十五种野生草本植物种子在不同温度下萌发能力的研究.草业学报,1994,3(1):18-24.
[28]  Tonggway D J,Ludwig J A.Vegetation and soil patterning of semiarid mulga land of eastern Australia.Australian Journal of Ecology,1990,15(1):23-34.
[29]  段争虎,刘新民,屈建军.沙坡头地区土壤结皮形成机理的研究.干旱区研究,1996,13(2):31-36.
[30]  Happer K T,Marble J R.A role for nonvascular plants in management of arid and semiarid rangelands〔 C 〕//Tueller P T.Application of Plant Sciences to Rangeland Management.Amsterdam:Martinus Nijhoff,1988:135-169.
[31]  Rao D L N,Burns R G.Use of bluegreen algae and bryophyte biomass as a sourse of nitrogen for oilseed rape.Biology and Fertility of Soil,1990,10:61-64.
[32]  宋阳,严平,张宏,等.荒漠生物结皮研究中的几个问题.干旱区研究,2004,21(4):439-442.
[33]  王蕊,朱清科,卜楠,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区生物土壤结皮理化性质.干旱区研究,2010,27(3):401-108.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133