全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

宝鸡长青镇铅锌厂周围灰尘中铅的污染水平与健康风险

, PP. 155-160

Keywords: 灰尘,,污染指数,健康风险,铅锌厂,长青镇,宝鸡

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

利用X-Ray荧光光谱仪,在宝鸡长青镇铅锌厂周围对灰尘中铅含量测试的基础上,采用污染指数及健康风险评价方法,对灰尘中铅的污染状况及健康风险进行分析。结果显示宝鸡市长青镇铅锌厂周围灰尘中铅的平均含量为2631.13mg/kg,显著高于文献报道的其他城市街尘中铅的含量及陕西土壤背景值。污染指数评价结果表明,铅锌厂周围灰尘中均存在不同程度的铅污染,大多数样品达到了严重污染和极为严重污染的程度。健康风险评价结果显示,手—口摄入行为是人体摄入灰尘中铅的主要途径,儿童经手—口摄入铅的暴露风险商及总危害指数均大于1,说明灰尘铅对儿童健康具有严重危害。

References

[1]  杜佩轩,赵阿宁,田晖.西安市街道灰尘中重金属铅的环境异常.物探与化探,2006,30(3):276-279.
[2]  戚其平,杨艳伟,姚孝元,等.中国城市儿童血铅水平调查.中华流行病学杂志,2002,23(3):162-166.
[3]  王金达,刘景双,于君宝,等.沈阳市城区土壤和灰尘中铅的分布特征.中国环境科学,2003,23(3):300-304.
[4]  陈钢,刘彤.凤翔“血铅超标”事件调查.瞭望,2009,33:14-15.
[5]  Xie S J,Dearing J A,Boyle J F,et al.Association between magnetic properties and element concentrations of Liverpool street dust and its implications .Journal of Applied Geophysics,2001,48:83-92.
[6]  De Miguel E,Llamas J F,Chacon E,et al.Origin and patterns of distribution of trace elements in street dust:Unleaded petrol and urban lead .Atmospheric Environment,1997,31:2 733-2 740.
[7]  向丽,李迎霞,史江红,等.北京城区道路灰尘重金属和多环芳烃污染状况探析 .环境科学,2010,31(1):159-167.
[8]  Day J P,Hart M,Robinson M S.Lead in urban street dust.Nature,1975,253:343-345.
[9]  Charlesworth S,Everett M,McCarthy R,et al.A comparative study of heavy metal concentration and distribution in deposited street dust in a large and a small urban area:Birmingham and Coventry,West Midlands,UK 〔J〕.Environmental International,2003,29:563-573.
[10]  Lu X,Wang L,Li L Y,et al.Multivariate statistical analysis of heavy metals in street dust of Baoji,NW China .Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,173:744-749.
[11]  Zheng N,Liu J,Wang Q,et al.Health risk assessment of heavy metal exposure to street dust in the zinc smelting district,Northeast of China .The Science of the Total Environment,2010,408:726-733.
[12]  陈晓晨,牛佳,崔岩山.城市表层土壤中铅的生物可给性及其对人体的健康风险评价:以首钢厂区附近小区域为例.环境科学,2010,31(12):3 029-3 034.
[13]  刘玉燕,刘浩峰,刘敏.乌鲁木齐市地表灰尘重金属含量及其健康风险.干旱区研究,2009,26(5):750-754.
[14]  常静,刘敏,李先华,等.上海地表灰尘重金属污染的健康风险评价.中国环境科学,2009,29(5):548-554.
[15]  Hu X,Zhang Y,Luo J,et al.Bioaccessibility and health risk of arsenic,mercury and other metals in urban street dusts from a megacity,Nanjing,China.Environmental Pollution,2011,doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011-01-07.
[16]  雷凯,卢新卫,王利军.宝鸡市街尘中铅的污染与评价.环境科学与技术,2007,30(11):43-45.
[17]  Han Y,Du P,Cao J,et al.Multivariate analysis of heavy metal contamination in urban dusts of Xi’an,Central China.The Science of the Total Environment,2006,355:176-186.
[18]  DuzgorenAydin N S,Wong C S C,Aydin A,et al.Heavy metal contamination and distribution in the urban environment of Guangzhou,SE China.Environmental Geochemistry and Health,2006,28:375-391.
[19]  Yeung Z L L,Kwok R C W,Yu K N.Determination of multielement profiles of street dust using energy dispersive Xray fluorescence (EDXRF) .Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2003,58:339-346.
[20]  Rasmussen P E,Subramanian K S,Jessiman B J.A multielement profile of house dust in relation to exterior dust and soils in the city of Ottawa Canada.The Science of the Total Environment,2001,267:125-140.
[21]  Ordó[AKn~D]ez A,Loredo J,De Miguel E,et al.Distribution of heavy metals in the street dusts and soils of an industrial city in Northern Spain.Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2003,44:160-170.
[22]  Chatterjee A,Banerjee R N.Determination of lead and other metals in a residential area of greater Calcutta.The Science of the Total Environment,1999,227:175-185.
[23]  FerreiraBaptista L,De Miguel E.Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda,Angola:A tropical urban environment.Atmospheric Environment,2005,39:4 501-4 512.
[24]  王政权.地统计学及在生态学中的应用.北京:科学出版社,1999:329-483.
[25]  张菊,陈振楼,许世远,等.上海城市街道灰尘重金属铅污染现状及评价.环境科学,2006,27(3):519-523.
[26]  刘子龙,赵政阳,鲁玉妙.陕西苹果园土壤砷和重金属污染评价.干旱区研究,2010,27(2):273-277.
[27]  US Environmental Protection Agency.Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites .Washington:Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response,US Environmental Protection Agency,2001:4-24.
[28]  US Environmental Protection Agency.Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I.Human Health Evaluation Manual .Washington:Office of Soild Waste and Emergency Response,US Environmental Protection Agency,1989:1-89.
[29]  US Environmental Protection Agency.Soil Screening Guidance:Technical Background Document .Washington:Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response,US Environmental Protection Agency,1996:95-128.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133