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龙羊峡库区威连滩冲沟沟头侵蚀的动态监测

, PP. 238-244

Keywords: 冲沟侵蚀,水库泥沙,动态监测,强降雨,威连滩冲沟,龙羊峡水库,黄河

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Abstract:

采用TrimbleGX3D激光扫描仪、Trimble4700和集思宝E718CM差分GPS等测量手段,通过对龙羊峡库区威连滩冲沟南侧支沟的沟头连续4a(2006-2010年)的地形监测,结合野外调查和气象资料分析,初步探讨了沟头溯源侵蚀量、侵蚀成因以及沟头的发育规律。结果表明①2006年沟头边岸形状破碎,为后期的侵蚀提供了有利的地形条件。沟头经过3a的侵蚀,侵蚀面积显著增加,主要表现在南岸一侧的张裂缝区。从2007-2010年中,2009年沟头侵蚀最严重。②反复的冻融和干湿交替形成的张裂缝不但加强了雨季的流水侵蚀,同时由张裂缝引起的土体坍塌也增强了沟头侵蚀。③研究区沟头严重的侵蚀并不是发生在侵蚀性降水多发的年内,强降雨引发的山洪是沟头发生强烈侵蚀的重要动力。

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