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气体火花开关电极烧蚀形貌研究

, PP. 246-251

Keywords: 气体火花开关,电极材料,烧蚀率,微观形貌,能谱元素分析

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Abstract:

开展了不同放电条件下气体火花开关单次放电实验,研究发现表面电极材料喷溅程度随着峰值电流和传递电荷量增大而逐渐变大,电极表面形成的烧蚀坑熔融化越明显,凹坑直径越大。分别采用钼和钨作为开关电极材料,研究多次放电过程中气体火花开关电极烧蚀形貌的变化规律和电极烧蚀率。结果表明,Mo和W开关的电极烧蚀率分别为9.0×10-6g·C-1和5.0×10-6g·C-1。在放电过程中,烧蚀区域由电极中心扩宽至边缘,表面粗糙度逐渐增大,中心区烧蚀严重。Mo电极表面呈现大量宽裂纹以及少量粒径达30μm的突起颗粒;W电极表面形成的凹坑较小,裂纹较窄,突起颗粒较小。对比两种开关电极,Mo开关电极烧蚀率较大(9.0×10-6g·C-1),烧蚀较严重,表面呈明显熔融态;而W开关电极烧蚀率较小(5.0×10-6g·C-1),表面整体较平整。因此在长寿命应用等场合,可优先选用W作为电极材料,以减少电极烧蚀程度。

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