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永磁无刷直流电机角加速度估计

, PP. 93-103

Keywords: 永磁无刷直流电机,角加速度估计,反电动势观测,滑模观测器,扩展卡尔曼滤波器

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Abstract:

由于霍尔位置传感器的分辨率和精度较低,以其为基础计算永磁无刷直流电机(BLDCM)的角加速度将产生较大的误差。针对这一问题,提出一种以反电动势归一化值中包含的位置信息为基础,采用双观测器对角加速度进行估计的方法。首先构建滑模观测器(SMO)对αβ坐标系下的反电动势波形进行观测,同时对观测结果进行归一化处理以降低高次谐波含量并消除转速和磁链系数的影响,之后考虑电机电磁转矩对加速度的影响,设计扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)估计器从观测到的反电动势归一化值中提取位置信息,进而实现对角加速度的估计。利用RT-LAB实时控制器进行实验,证明提出的角加速度估计技术可以在较宽转速范围内快速有效地观测出永磁无刷直流电机的角加速度。

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