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高温下的IGBT可靠性与在线评估

, PP. 17-23

Keywords: 绝缘栅双极型晶体管,高温,可靠性,在线评估,功率循环测试

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Abstract:

绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)在反复的热应力冲击下将引发失效,严重时将导致整个装置烧毁。目前对IGBT可靠性的分析主要有实验测试、寿命预测以及可靠性评估三种方法,对于实际装置中IGBT长期工作的可靠性难以实现有效的在线评估。分析了由IGBT可靠性降低引发的失效机理与三种主要的可靠性分析方法,指出了通过监控IGBT结壳间稳态热阻来实现可靠性在线评估存在的困难。通过开展高温下的功率循环测试,采用高速红外热像仪拍摄温度变化与键丝失效过程,同时对IGBT模块电气与传热特性进行监控,发现IGBT在高结温与高温度梯度时主要的失效形式是键丝脱落与熔化,在外部特性上表现为压降值增大,而热阻基本不变。从而提出了一种通过监控压降变化来实现IGBT可靠性在线评估的有效方法,该方法易于操作且准确度高,对于保证IGBT与整个装置的长期安全可靠运行可起到重要作用。

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