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电动汽车高效率无线充电技术的研究进展

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Keywords: 电动汽车,无线充电,电磁感应式WPT,电磁共振式WPT

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Abstract:

发展电动汽车是节能、环保和低碳经济的需求,而无线供电(WPT)是未来电动汽车(EV)供电技术的发展趋势。本文介绍了目前常用的三种WPT技术,指出电磁感应式WPT和电磁共振式WPT因为相对效率较高,更适合于EV充电。针对WPT系统,结合高效变换的目的,从拓扑、控制及变压器角度,对目前EV用WPT技术进行了分析,指出非接触变压器成为制约EV用WPT系统高效能量传递的主要瓶颈,进而对变压器高效化需要解决的主要问题和相关研究展开讨论。对于感应式WPT技术,本文就变压器低耦合系数问题和移动充电系统中的“磁通分布不均”问题,进行了相关技术介绍,并提供了解决思路;对于共振式WPT技术,介绍了其研究进展,指出该技术为中等距离的高效能量传输提供了全新的思路,但仍然存在许多技术盲点。

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