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较低湿度下含糖污秽绝缘子放电特性

, PP. 346-353

Keywords: 低湿度,葡萄糖,绝缘子,污闪,分子动力学,量子化学

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Abstract:

部分地区外绝缘表面污秽含有大量有机物,影响绝缘性能。本文通过化学分析、模拟试验、污闪试验及分子动力学与量子化学计算,研究了较低湿度下葡萄糖污秽对绝缘子放电的影响,弄清了某变电站在较低湿度下由葡萄糖污秽引起的外绝缘大面积放电的特性。结果表明由于葡萄糖吸湿性强,当污秽物中葡萄糖含量超过0.10mg/cm2时,污层泄漏电流远大于常规污秽。电流热效应使含葡萄糖污秽的绝缘子表面电位分布更不均匀,显著降低污秽绝缘子起始放电电压;同时葡萄糖具备较活泼化学性质,在强电场中或强烈放电时,电能使葡萄糖断键,生成带电荷的自由基,加快绝缘子表面的电子转移速率,增加放电强度。葡萄糖的物理和化学特性是造成较低湿度下外绝缘沿面放电现象的原因。

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