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北京郊区乡村旅游季节性特征及其影响因素

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2012.06.019, PP. 817-824

Keywords: 京郊,旅游季节性特征,乡村旅游,影响因素

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Abstract:

京郊地区乡村旅游发展迅速,已成为北京居民重要的休闲旅游目的地。本研究以2008-2010年京郊乡村地区的旅游统计数据为基础,采用月度指数、快速样本聚类法和基尼指数等指标及方法,分析并测定京郊地区乡村旅游的月度分布特征、旅游季节划分以及旅游季节性强度等季节性特征。基础数据分析结果显示京郊乡村旅游的季节性特征明显,在全年范围内形成旺季、平季和淡季3个旅游季节,其中4-5月、7-8月和10月是3个旅游旺季,11月到来年1月是旅游淡季,其余月份为平季。然后,从自然因素(地理条件、气候条件)和社会因素(公共假日、社会关系和节事活动)等2个主要方面入手,阐释了京郊地区乡村旅游季节性特征的影响因素,指出相对静态(可调节性较弱)的公共假日和相对动态(可调节性较强)的节事活动是京郊地区乡村旅游季节性特征的主要成因。

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[63]  Grant M, Human B, Le Pelley B. Seasonality//BritishTourist Authority, English Tourist Board. Insights TourismIntelligence Papers, 1997: 5-9.
[64]  Manning R E, Powers L A. Peak and off-peak use: Redistributingthe outdoor recreation/tourism load. Journal ofTravel Research, 1984, 23(2): 25-31.
[65]  Murphy P E. Tourism: A Community Approach. London:Methuen, 1985.
[66]  Baum T. Responding to seasonality in peripheral destinations//British Tourist Authority, English Tourist Board. InsightsTourism Intelligence Papers, 1998: 107-115.
[67]  Gerz D. Festivals, Special Events and Tourism. NewYork: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991.
[68]  Br？nn？s K, Nordstr?m J. Tourist accommodation effectsof festivals. Tourism Economics, 2006, 12(2): 291-302.
[69]  马勇. 旅游学概论. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1998: 8.
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[72]  廖善刚. 福建省旅游气候资源分析. 福建师范大学学报:自然科学版, 1998, 14(1) : 93-97.
[73]  戴林琳, 盖世杰. 北京郊区节事旅游发展时空分异特征. 地理科学进展, 2011, 30(8): 1056-1064.
[74]  吴必虎, 黄涿玮, 马小萌. 中国城市周边乡村旅游地空间结构. 地理科学, 2004, 24(6): 762-767.
[75]  Butler R W. Seasonality in tourism: Issues and problems//Seaton A V, Jenkins C L,Wood R C, et al. Tourism: TheState of the Art. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 1994:332-339.
[76]  Koenig N L, Bischoff E E. Seasonality research: The stateof the art. The International Journal of Tourism Research,2005, 7(4): 201-219.
[77]  Sutcliffe C M, Sinclair M T. The measurement of seasonalitywithin the tourist industry: An application to tourist arrivalsin Spain. Applied Economics, 1980, 12(4):429-441.
[78]  Baum T, Hagen L. Responses to seasonality: The experiencesof peripheral destinations. International Journal ofTourism Research, 1999, 1(5): 299-312.
[79]  Frechtling D C. Forecasting Tourism Demand: Methodsand Strategies. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.
[80]  Yacoumis J. Tackling seasonality: The case of Sri-Lanka.Journal of Tourism Management, 1980, 1(2): 84-98.
[81]  Wanhill S R C. Tackling seasonality: A technical note. InternationalJournal of Tourism Management, 1980, 1(4):243-245.
[82]  Drakatos C. Seasonal concentration of tourism in Greece.Annals of Tourism Research, 1987, 14(4): 582-586.

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