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短期乔木林灌木林和草地演替的土壤剖面13C分布特征

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2012.11.006, PP. 1460-1466

Keywords: 13C富集,碳密度,土壤剖面,稳定碳同位素,植被更替

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Abstract:

以短期的植被更替如何影响土壤剖面的13C富集以及这些富集现象揭示的土壤碳循环机理为目的,采集云南省曲靖地区发生植被演替的山地土壤剖面5组,分别测定了稳定碳同位素比值(δ13C)、总有机碳含量(TOC)和碳密度,并比较了它们之间的差异.研究发现短期植被改变(约10年)对土壤剖面中0~30cm层的δ13C值具有显著影响,其中对0~10cm层土壤影响最大.灌木更替为森林和草地后土壤有机质的δ13C变化分别达2.28‰和5.08‰.30~50cm层土壤δ13C值对植被改变不敏感,该层可以作为土壤剖面的基准剖面层.大气δ13C值变化不是森林土壤0~50cm剖面层中13C随深度减小而富集的主要原因.10年间,植被从灌木演替为人工种植的麻栎乔木或从灌木植被退化为草本植被,0~30cm层土壤剖面的有机碳密度改变量分别为2.30kg/m2和-1.00kg/m2.而植被从灌木到人工种植麻栎的碳密度改变率为0.230kg/m2/a,这对改变山地土壤的碳密度、短期增加碳储量具有重要意义.δ13C在C3植被的短期演替过程中具有很好的辨识力,可以作为土壤碳库更替和碳循环的研究工具.

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