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岩溶流域水文模型研究进展

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.11.008, PP. 1311-1318

Keywords: 水文模型,岩溶流域,展望

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Abstract:

岩溶地区含水介质结构的多重性和岩溶地貌形态的高度复杂性，使岩溶系统的水文效应和水资源的评价与预测一直都成为水文研究的重点和难点。在岩溶含水介质特点和岩溶水文形成过程的基础上,本文着重评述了黑箱模型、概念性模型、物理性模型和分布式水文模型在岩溶水文模拟中的应用。其中黑箱模型包括基于核函数的算法、回归模型、人工神经网络和小波分析；概念性模型包括蓄泄模型和流量过程线衰减函数；物理性模型主要包括达西定律、Darcy-Weisbach方程、有限元法和等效连续多孔介质；分布式水文模型主要是SWMM模型，并分别对各类模型的概念、方法、应用效果以及存在的优缺点等进行了分析。最后指出了研究中存在的一些不足，并就岩溶流域水文模拟的进一步研究提出了相应的建议，这对于解决岩溶区的水资源可持续利用问题有重要意义。

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