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[3] | Becken S, Patterson M. Measuring national carbon dioxideemissions from tourism as a key step towards achievingsustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2006, 14(4): 323-338.
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[4] | Dubois G, Ceron J P. Tourism/leisure greenhouse gasemissions forecasts for 2050: Factors for change inFrance. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2006, 14(2):172-191.
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[8] | Peeters P. Climate change, leisure-related tourism andglobal transport//Hall C M, Higham J. Tourism, Recreationand Climate Change. Clevedon: Channel View Publications,2005: 247-259.
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[9] | Lin T P. Carbon dioxide emissions from transport in Taiwan'snational parks. Tourism Management, 2010, 31 (2): 285-290.
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[43] | 蔡萌, 汪宇明. 基于低碳视角的旅游城市转型研究. 人文地理, 2010, 25(5): 32-35,74.
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[60] | G?ssling S. Sustainable tourism development in developingcountries: Some aspects of energy-use. Journal ofSustainable Tourism, 2000, 8(5): 410-425.
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[61] | G?ssling S. Global environmental consequences of tourism.Global Environmental Change, 2002, 12: 283-302.
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[62] | G?ssling S, Peeters P, Ceron J P, et al. The eco-efficiencyof tourism. Ecological Economics, 2005, 54(4): 417-434.
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[63] | G?ssling S, Broderick J, Upham P, et al. Voluntary carbonoffsetting schemes for aviation: Efficiency, credibilityand sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2007, 15(3): 223-248.
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[64] | G?ssling S. Carbon neutral destinations: A conceptualanalysis. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2009,17(1):17-37.
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[65] | G?ssling S, Garrod B, Aall C, et al. Food management intourism: Reducing tourism's carbon‘foodprint'. TourismManagement, 2010, 32(3): 534-543.
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[66] | Becken S, Frampton C, Simmons D G. Energy consumptionpatterns in the accommodation sector: The New Zealandcase. Ecological Economics, 2001, 39(3): 371-386.
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[67] | Becken S. Analyzing international tourist flows to estimateenergy use associated with air travel. Journal SustainableTourism, 2002, 10(2): 114-31.
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[68] | 石培华, 吴普. 中国旅游业能源消耗与CO2排放量的初步估算. 地理学报, 2011, 66(2): 235-243.
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[69] | 谢园方, 赵媛. 国内外低碳旅游研究进展及启示. 人文地理, 2010, 25(5): 27-31.
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[70] | Becken S, Hay J E. Tourism and Climate Change: Risksand Opportunities. Clevedon: Channel View Publications,2007: 13-82.
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[71] | Lenzen M. Total requirements of energy and greenhousegases for Australian transport. Transportation ResearchD, 1999, 4(4): 265-290.
|
[72] | Lundli H E, Vestby S E. Luftfart och milj: En sammenlikningmellom fly og andre transportmidler for energi,utslipp og areal. Rapport 9/99. Western Norway ResearchInstitute, Sogndal, 1999.
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[73] | Schafer A, Victor D G. Global passenger travel: Implicationsfor carbon dioxide emissions. Energy, 1999, 24(8):657-679.
|
[74] | Howitt O J A, Revol V G N, Smith I J, et al. Carbon emissionsfrom international cruise ship passengers'travel toand from New Zealand. Energy Policy, 2010, 38(5):2552-2560.
|
[75] | Simmons C, Lewis K. Take only memoriesyleave nothingbut footprints. An ecological footprint analysis of twopackage holidays. Rough Draft Report. Oxford: BestFoot Forward Limited, 2001.
|
[76] | UK Centre for Economic and Environmental Development(UK CEED). A Life-Cycle Analysis of a HolidayDestination: Seychelles. Report No. 41/94, British AirwaysEnvironment. Cambridge, UK CEED, 1994.
|
[77] | G?ssling S. The consequences of tourism for sustainablewater use on a tropical island: Zanzibar, Tanzania. Journalof Environmental Management, 2001, 61(2): 179-191.
|
[78] | World Tourism Organization. Compendium of TourismStatistics 1994-1998. Madrid: Bernan Press, 2000.
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[79] | Wolfgang Strasdas. Carbon management in tourism: Asmart strategy in response to climate change//Conrady R,Buck M. Trends and Issues in Global Tourism 2010. Berlin:Springer Press, 2010.
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[80] | 石培华, 吴普, 冯凌, 等. 中国旅游业减排政策框架设计与战略措施研究. 旅游学刊, 2010, 25(6): 13-18.
|
[81] | Smith I J, Rodger C J. Carbon emission offsets for aviation-generated emissions due to international travel toand from New Zealand. Energy Policy, 2009, 37(9):3438- 3447.
|
[82] | Mayor K, Tol R S J. The impact of the UK aviation taxon carbon dioxide emissions and visitor numbers . TransportPolicy, 2007, 14(6): 507-513.
|
[83] | Tol R S J. The impact of a carbon tax on internationaltourism. Transportation Research Part D, 2007, 12(2):129-142.
|
[84] | 黄文胜. 论低碳旅游与低碳旅游景区的创建. 生态经济, 2009(11): 100-102.
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[85] | 蔡萌, 汪宇明. 基于低碳视角的旅游城市转型研究. 人文地理, 2010, 25(5): 32-35,74.
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[86] | 李小明, 张兆干, 林超利. 基于低碳经济背景下低碳旅游社区的构建研究: 以江苏省丹阳市飞达村为例. 河南科学, 2010, 28(5): 626-630.
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[88] | 王辉, 宋丽, 郭玲玲. 低碳旅游在海岛旅游发展中的应用与探讨: 以大连市海岛旅游为例. 海洋开发与管理,2010, 27(5): 75-79.
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|
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|
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|
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|
[100] | WTM (World Travel Market). Why the Ministers'Summit2007 is Crucial to the Industry? The UNWTO MinistersSummit on Tourism and Climate Change, 2007.
|
[101] | G?ssling S. Sustainable tourism development in developingcountries: Some aspects of energy-use. Journal ofSustainable Tourism, 2000, 8(5): 410-425.
|
[102] | G?ssling S. Global environmental consequences of tourism.Global Environmental Change, 2002, 12: 283-302.
|
[103] | G?ssling S, Peeters P, Ceron J P, et al. The eco-efficiencyof tourism. Ecological Economics, 2005, 54(4): 417-434.
|
[104] | G?ssling S, Broderick J, Upham P, et al. Voluntary carbonoffsetting schemes for aviation: Efficiency, credibilityand sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2007, 15(3): 223-248.
|
[105] | G?ssling S. Carbon neutral destinations: A conceptualanalysis. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2009,17(1):17-37.
|
[106] | G?ssling S, Garrod B, Aall C, et al. Food management intourism: Reducing tourism's carbon‘foodprint'. TourismManagement, 2010, 32(3): 534-543.
|
[107] | Becken S, Frampton C, Simmons D G. Energy consumptionpatterns in the accommodation sector: The New Zealandcase. Ecological Economics, 2001, 39(3): 371-386.
|
[108] | Becken S. Analyzing international tourist flows to estimateenergy use associated with air travel. Journal SustainableTourism, 2002, 10(2): 114-31.
|
[109] | Becken S, Simmons DG. Understanding energy consumptionpatterns of tourist attractions and activities in NewZealand. Tourism Management, 2002, 23(4): 343-354.
|
[110] | Becken Susanne, Simmons David G, Frampton Chris. Energyuse associated with different travel choices. TourismManagement, 2003, 24(3): 267-277.
|
[111] | Becken S, Patterson M. Measuring national carbon dioxideemissions from tourism as a key step towards achievingsustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2006, 14(4): 323-338.
|
[112] | Dubois G, Ceron J P. Tourism/leisure greenhouse gasemissions forecasts for 2050: Factors for change inFrance. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2006, 14(2):172-191.
|
[113] | Nielsen S P, Sesartic A, Stucki M. The greenhouse gas intensityof the tourism sector: The case of Switzerland. EnvironmentalScience & Policy, 2010, 13(2): 131-140.
|
[114] | 李鹏, 杨桂华, 郑彪, 等. 基于温室气体排放的云南香格里拉旅游线路产品生态效率. 生态学报, 2008, 28(5):2207-2219.
|
[115] | 李鹏, 黄继华, 莫延芬, 等. 昆明市四星级酒店住宿产品碳足迹计算与分析. 旅游学刊, 2010, 25(3): 27-34.
|
[116] | 石培华, 吴普. 中国旅游业能源消耗与CO2排放量的初步估算. 地理学报, 2011, 66(2): 235-243.
|
[117] | 谢园方, 赵媛. 国内外低碳旅游研究进展及启示. 人文地理, 2010, 25(5): 27-31.
|
[118] | Becken S, Hay J E. Tourism and Climate Change: Risksand Opportunities. Clevedon: Channel View Publications,2007: 13-82.
|
[119] | Peeters P. Climate change, leisure-related tourism andglobal transport//Hall C M, Higham J. Tourism, Recreationand Climate Change. Clevedon: Channel View Publications,2005: 247-259.
|
[120] | Lin T P. Carbon dioxide emissions from transport in Taiwan'snational parks. Tourism Management, 2010, 31 (2): 285-290.
|
[121] | Kuo N W, Chen P H. Quantifying energy use, carbon dioxideemission, and other environmental loads from islandtourism based on a life cycle assessment approach.Journal of Cleaner Production, 2009, 17(15): 1324- 1330.
|
[122] | Peeters P, Dubois G. Tourism travel under climate changemitigation constraints. Journal of Transport Geography,2010, 18(3): 447-457.
|
[123] | Mayor K, Tol R S J. Scenarios of carbon dioxide emissionsfrom aviation. Global Environmental Change,2010, 20(1): 65-73.
|
[124] | Fong W K, Matsumoto H, Lun Y F. Application of systemdynamics model as decision making tool in urbanplanning process toward stabilizing carbon dioxide emissionsfrom cities. Building and Environment, 2009, 44:1528-1537.
|
[125] | Busch H, Luberichs J. Reisen und Energieverbrauch.Sankt Augustin: Academia Verlag, 2001.
|
[126] | Kanyama C A, Lindén A L. Travel patterns and environmentaleffects now and in the future: Implications of differencesin energy consumption among socio-economicgroups. Ecological Economics, 1999, 30(3): 405-417.
|
[127] | Lambrecht U, Diaz B H, Hopfner U. Bus, Bahn und Pkwauf dem Umweltpr. ufstand. Vergleich von Umweltbelastungenverschiedener Stadtverkehrsmittel. Institut f.ur Energie-und Umweltforschung GmbH, Heidelberg, 2001.
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[128] | Lenzen M. Total requirements of energy and greenhousegases for Australian transport. Transportation ResearchD, 1999, 4(4): 265-290.
|
[129] | Lundli H E, Vestby S E. Luftfart och milj: En sammenlikningmellom fly og andre transportmidler for energi,utslipp og areal. Rapport 9/99. Western Norway ResearchInstitute, Sogndal, 1999.
|
[130] | Schafer A, Victor D G. Global passenger travel: Implicationsfor carbon dioxide emissions. Energy, 1999, 24(8):657-679.
|
[131] | World Tourism Organization. Compendium of TourismStatistics 1994-1998. Madrid: Bernan Press, 2000.
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[132] | Hjalanger A M, Richards G. Tourism and Gastronomy.Abingdon: Routledge, 2002.
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[133] | Boniface P. Tasting Tourism: Travelling for Food andDrink. Burlington: Ashgate, 2003.
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[134] | Mayor K, Tol R S J. The impact of the UK aviation taxon carbon dioxide emissions and visitor numbers . TransportPolicy, 2007, 14(6): 507-513.
|
[135] | Tol R S J. The impact of a carbon tax on internationaltourism. Transportation Research Part D, 2007, 12(2):129-142.
|