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新创民俗节庆与地方认同建构——以广府庙会为例

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.04.014, PP. 574-583

Keywords: 地方认同,广州,民俗节庆,文化政治

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Abstract:

“广府庙会”是广府文化记忆与北方“庙会”文化符号杂糅的产物,一经举办即备受争议。采用参与式观察、深度访谈、文本分析等方法,深入剖析在广府庙会中不同社会群体(包括政府、媒体、专家、普通民众等)如何利用其拥有的文化表征权力,基于其文化记忆与地方认同,以话语与实践来表达自己对地方以及广府文化的理解,从而最大程度将自身地方认同在新创节庆中得以表征的协商过程。研究认为,城市内部存在多元文化认同,文化不断被争议与协商,本质上是“政治的”;新创民俗节庆成为地方认同建构的场域,地方认同在很大程度上取决于谁能成功地获取更大的文化表征权力。首届广府庙会由政府主导,媒体为多个群体话语提供沟通渠道,广州世居居民,特别是反对派的话语受到格外重视,代表广府地方文化认同的话语占据主导地位,政府采取积极倾听的态度,从而第二届广府庙会开始充满“广府味”,广州世居居民的地方认同得以表征。而新来者由于缺少文化表征权力,其话语未受重视,甚至部分新来者有被边缘化的感觉,不利于增强其地方认同。研究理论上有助于对新创节庆地方认同建构的理解,实践上则对利用节庆增进城市不同群体的文化融合与地方认同有积极指导意义。

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