Gupta R K. Impact of human influences on the vegetation of the Western Himalaya. Plant Ecology (Historical Archive), 1978, 37(2): 111~118.
[4]
Chalise S R. Energy efficiency and conservation in Nepal. Energy, 1983, 8(1- 2): 133~136.
[5]
Sharma S, Singh S P. Energy use pattern and sustainable development: a case study in rural landscape of the Central Himalaya. Landscape and Urban Planning, 1994, 29(1): 19~24.
[6]
Negi A K, Todaria N P. Studies on the impact of local folk on forests of Garhwal Himalaya. 1 ∶Energy from biomass. Biomass and Bioenergy, 1993, 4(6): 447~454.
[7]
Ali J, Benjaminsen T A, Hammad A A, et al. The road to deforestation: An assessment of forest loss and its causes in Basho Valley, Northern Pakistan. Global Environmental Change Part A, 2005, 15(4): 370~380.
[8]
Awasthi A, Uniyal S K, et al. Forest resource availability and its use by the migratory villages of Uttarkashi, Garhwal Himalaya (India). Forest Ecology and Management, 2003, 174(1- 3): 13~24.
Shrestha K L. Nepal' s energy situation. Energy, 1981, 6(8): 817~821.
[24]
Tiwari P C. Land- use changes in Himalaya and their impact on the plains ecosystem: need for sustainable land use. Land Use Policy, 2000, 17(2): 101~111.
[25]
Brown S. Shrestha B. Market- driven land- use dynamics in the middle mountains of Nepal. Journal of Environmental Management, 2000, 59(3): 217~225.
[26]
Negi A K, Bhatt B P, Todaria N P. Local population impacts on the forests of Garhwal Himalaya, India. The Environmentalist, 1999, 19(4): 293~303.
[27]
西藏自治区统计局编. 西藏统计年鉴2001. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2001.
[28]
陶波. 气候变化驱动的中国陆地生态系统碳收支格局初步研究. 博士后研究工作报告, 2005.
[29]
Micael C. Runnstrom. Is Northern China winning the battle against desertification?- Satellite remote sensing as a tool to study biomass trends on the Ordoas Plateau in Semiarid China. AMBIO, 2000,29(8): 468～476.
