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2002-2010年长江流域GRACE水储量时空变化特征

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.01.007, PP. 68-77

Keywords: GLDAS模拟,GRACE卫星,长江流域,时空变化,水储量

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Abstract:

利用高斯平滑滤波对2002年4月-2010年12月逐月GRACE卫星的时变重力场数据反演得到长江流域大尺度陆地水储量变化,对其时空变化进行研究,并将结果与全球陆面同化数据(GLDAS)模拟结果进行比较。其结论为根据GRACE数据反演与GGLDAS模拟得到的水储量结果在大多数区域变化趋势相同,两者具有一致性,相关性达到0.89(P<0.05)。GRACE水储量研究结果表明①2002-2010年长江流域水储量呈增加趋势,平均增长速率为0.43mm/月,相当于约95.04亿m3/年。长江上游增长速率为0.53mm/月,相当于约67.13亿m3/年;中游增长速率为0.51mm/月,相当于25.73亿m3/年;下游增长速率为0.36mm/月,相当于9.14亿m3/年。近9年长江流域水储量共增加约855.33亿m3。②从多年平均水储量空间分布来看,长江流域冬季月份(12、1、2、3月)水储量处于亏损状态,7-9月水储量处于盈余状态,4-6月下游至上游地区由亏损向盈余状态过渡,而10-11月则从上游至下游地区由盈余向亏损状态过渡。③全流域、上游及中游水储量逐月增长速率最大值出现在9月,分别为1.01cm/a、1.37cm/a、1.05cm/a;而下游地区则出现在7月,增长速率为1.62cm/a。

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