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自然灾害的影响及间接经济损失评估方法

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2009.06.007, PP. 877-885

Keywords: 自然灾害,经济影响,间接经济损失,直接经济损失,评估方法

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Abstract:

灾害的损失受灾前经济发展水平、灾种差异、灾后恢复重建策略、灾害管理水平和灾害保险体系完善程度等复杂因素的影响,加上基础数据精度、获取难度和校验的不确定性,目前还没有有效的灾害间接经济损失评估方法。而已有间接经济损失评估方法存在不足首先,评估对灾害间接经济损失的构成、时空维界定模糊;其次,评估模型假设太多往往偏离灾后实际经济状况;最后,模型对灾害扰动的动态影响机制考虑不足,往往忽视灾后经济系统的弹性和部门生产容量的动态变化特征。因此,在进行灾害损失评估时应注意灾害对经济影响的动态机理,结合不同灾害类型对经济影响的特点和当地的经济发展状况,合理设置相关参数,使模型更切合实际,从而更合理有效的评估灾害造成的间接损失。

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