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在华外商直接投资区位研究述评

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2009.06.017, PP. 952-961

Keywords: FDI区位,传统因素,集聚因素,制度因素,中国

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Abstract:

尽管学术界至今未能形成一般性的外商直接投资(FDI)区位理论,但已有的大量研究却对加深理解FDI的区位选择规律做出了重要贡献。中国作为一个成功转型国家,在华FDI区位研究早已成为各界关注的热点问题之一。本文从区位理论和FDI理论两方面梳理FDI区位研究的理论基础后,回顾并评述了在华FDI区位研究进展,并提出了其未来发展中需要完善的相关命题。早期的研究以定性描述为主,从20世纪90年代中期开始转入利用计量经济模型对影响在华FDI区位选择的因素进行识别;研究主要集中在省区尺度,识别出的区位因子主要包括成本、市场、集聚和制度等。FDI在东道国的区位选择行为是“区域—产业—企业”共同作用的结果,在识别东道国区位要素的基础上,已有文献同时也关注了来源国效应、产业特征与企业属性和时间演化对FDI区位决策的影响。未来研究中需要加强对新兴经济体FDI区位模型的一般性讨论,强化“区域—产业—企业”系统研究,并关注基于功能视角的在华FDI(跨国公司)区位研究。

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