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稀土元素的环境生物地球化学循环研究现状

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2004.01.006, PP. 51-61

Keywords: 生物地球化学,稀土元素

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Abstract:

本文对稀土元素在农用领域的研究进展及其在土壤、水体和植物中的分布、迁移与归宿特征作一系统总结,并对该领域的发展趋势进行了简要的说明。随着自然和人为因素造成的环境中稀土元素的增加,进而产生对生态环境和人类健康的影响,已引起全社会的关注。土壤中稀土元素的存在形态是生态环境效应和生物利用性的的重要参量。目前的实验结果在不同地区和不同土壤剖面中稀土元素的存在形态不尽相同,推测主要与其母质的组成及所处气候等环境条件相关。最近国际上已对稀土元素的水化学过程进行了较广泛的研究,水体中稀土分布受水体的化学参量(如pH,有机质等)和水化学过程影响,含量高低与人为活动有直接关系。植物中稀土元素的分布通常与土壤中稀土的含量多少相一致,在外施稀土的条件下,在施用后短期内稀土在各器官分布与施用部位密切相关,目前对植物体内稀土元素存在位置和赋存状态的实验结果差别明显,对植物中稀土元素的超富集机理不清等问题尚待进一步探究。

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