全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

开垦对高寒草甸土壤有机碳影响的初步研究

DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2005.06.007, PP. 59-65

Keywords: 高寒草甸,开垦,轻组有机碳,土壤有机碳,重组有机碳

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

在中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站地区,选择高寒草甸开垦后形成的一年生人工草地作为研究对象,开垦年限分别为0、1、11、16和20年,利用土壤有机碳密度分组法,进行了0~40cm土层土壤有机碳及不同组分(轻组有机碳,重组有机碳)含量及随开垦年限变化关系的研究。结果表明高寒草甸开垦后其土壤有机碳的变化主要发生在0~10cm土层,土壤中SOC、LFOC和HFOC呈下降趋势,至20年时分别下降了10.5%、26.7%、8.1%,主要原因为当地较为强烈的风蚀作用、耕作侵蚀和开垦加剧了表层(0~10cm)土壤有机质的氧化分解,表层土壤中的粗有机物质在降水淋溶作用下,在土体下部重新淀积。而0~40cm土体内,SOC、LFOC和HFOC略有增加,开垦20年,他们的累积速率分别为0.08tC·hm-2·yr-1、0.07tC·hm-2·yr-1、0.14tC·hm-2·yr-1。人工草地长期种植虽然没有改变高寒草甸作为碳汇的基本功能,但却大大降低了其碳汇效应,植物-土壤系统年固定碳量由未开垦前的7.38tC·hm-2·yr-1下降至6.89tC·hm-2·yr-1。

References

[1]  Berner R A. Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over Phanerozoic time, Science, 1990,249, 1382.
[2]  Atjay G L, Ketner P & Duvigeaud P. Terrestrial primary production and phytomass. In: Bolin, B, E T, degens & S. Kempeeds. The global carbon cycle scope. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. 1979,129~182.
[3]  Aguilar R, Kelly E F & Heil R D. Effects of cultivation on soils in northern Great Plains rangeland. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1988,52:1081~1085.
[4]  Davidson E A & Ackerman I L. Changes in soil carbon inventories following cultivation of previously un-tilled soils. Biogeochemistry, 1993, 20:161~193.
[5]  王根绪,程国栋,沈永平.青藏高原草地土壤有机碳库及其全球意义. 冰川冻土, 2002, 24(6): 693~700.
[6]  Christensen, B.T. Physical fractionation of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover. European J. Soil Sci,2001,52: 345~353.
[7]  张金波, 宋长春. 土地利用方式对土壤碳库影响的敏感性评价指标. 生态环境, 2003,12(4):500~504.
[8]  Blair G J and Lefroy R D B. Soil C fractions based on their degree of oxidation and the development of a C management index for agricultural systems . Aust. J. Agri. Res., 1995,46;1459~1466.
[9]  Christensen B T. Physical fractionation of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover. European Journal of Soil Science, 2001, 52: 345~353.
[10]  Post W M, T H Peng, W R Emanuel, A W King & D L DeAngelis. The global carbon cycle, Am. Sci., 1990, 78.
[11]  Adams J M, Faire H, Faire-Richard L, et al. Increases in terrestrial carbon storage from the last glacial maximum to the present. Nature, .1990, 348:711~714.
[12]  Iwaki H. Matter Production of Terrestrial Plant Communities II, Grasslands. Kyoritu, 1973,32~45.
[13]  周广胜, 王玉辉, 蒋延玲 等.陆地生态系统类型转变与碳循环 . 植物生态学报, 2002, 26(2):250~254.
[14]  Tiessen H J, Steward W B, & Bettany J R. Cultivation effects on the amount and concentration of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in grass s land soil. Agronomy Journal, 1982, 74:831.
[15]  张金霞,曹广民,周党卫等. 放牧强度对高寒灌丛草甸土壤CO2释放速率的影响. 草地学报, 2001, 9(3):183~190.
[16]  曹广民, 李英年, 张金霞等.高寒草甸不同土地利用格局土壤CO2的释放量. 环境科学, 2001, 22(6):14~19.
[17]  陈伏生,曾德慧,陈广生等.开垦对草甸土有机碳的影响. 土壤通报, 2004, 35(4): 413~419.
[18]  严 平, 董光荣, 张信宝 等. 137Cs法测定青藏高原土壤风蚀的初步结果. 科学通报, 2000, 45(2):199~204.
[19]  Christensen, B.T. Physical fractionation of soil and organic matter in primary particle size and density separates. Adv. Soil Sci, 1992, 20: 2~90.
[20]  Janzen H H. Soil organic matter characteristics after long term cropping to various spring wheat rotations . Can. J. Soil Sci.1987, 67:845~856.
[21]  魏朝富, 谢德体, 陈世正. 紫色水稻土有机无机复合与土粒团聚的关系. 土壤学报, 1996,33(1):70~77.
[22]  Schlesinger W H. An overview of global carbon cycle. In: Lai R. et al (eds). Soils and Global Change. CRC press, Inc. Boca Raton, Florida, 1995, 9~25.
[23]  Stenvensen F J. Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reaction. New York: John Wiley and sons, Inc. 1994, 1~24.
[24]  武天云, Jeff J.Schoenau,李凤民 等. 耕作对黄土高原和北美大草原三种典型农业土壤有机碳的影响. 应用生态学报,2003, 14(12):2213~2218.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133