Armbruster J T. An infiltration index useful in estimating low-flow characteristics of drainage basins. J. Res. USGS, 1976, 4 (5): 533~538.
[6]
Bingham R H. Regionalization of winter low-flow characteristics of Tennessee streams. USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report , 1986, 86~4007, 88.
[7]
Rogers J D, Armbruster J T. Low flows and hydrologic droughts. Surface Water Hydrology, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, 1990, 121~130.
[8]
Cervione Jr. M A, Melvin R L, Cyr K A. A method for estimating the 7-day, 10-year low flow of streams in Connecticut. Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin , 1982, (34): 17.
[9]
White E L. Sustained flow in small Appalachian watersheds.J. Hydrol, 1977, 32, 71~86.
[10]
Hopkinson C, Young G J. The effect of glacier wastage on the flow of the Bow River at Banff, Alberta, 1951~1993. Hydrol. Processes 12 (10~11), 1988, 1745~1762.
[11]
Janowicz J R. Regionalization of low flows in Yukon Territory. Northern hydrology Symposium, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, 1990.
[12]
Kravchenko V V. The role of ice in the generation of winter river flow and ice cover in rivers of the western zone of Baikal- Amur railway. Trudy GGI. (Trans. State Hydrol. Instit.,Leningrad, USSR) , 1986, 312, 34~83.
[13]
Bosch J M, Hewlett J D. A review of catchment experiments to determine the effect of vegetation changes on water yield and evapotranspiration. J. Hydrol., 1982, 55, 3~23.
[14]
Gustard A, Wesselink A. Impact of land use change on water resources: Balquidder catchments. J. Hydrol. ,1993,145, 389~401.
[15]
Tallaksen L M. Modelling land use change effects on low flows. In: Gustard, A. (Ed.), FRIEND. Vol I: Hydrological Studies. Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, 1993, 56~68.
[16]
Smith R E, Scott D F. Effects of afforestation on low flows in various regions of South Africa. Water SA 1992, 18 (3): 185~194.
[17]
Scott D F, Smith R E. Preliminary empirical models to predict reductions in annual and low flows resulting from afforestation. Water SA,1997, 23, 135~140.
[18]
Scott D F, Le Maitre D C, Fairbanks D H K. Forestry and streamflow reductions in South Africa: a reference system for assessing extent and distribution. Water SA 24, 1998, 187~199.
[19]
Johnson R. The forest cycle and low river flows: a review of UK and international studies. For. Ecol. Manag.,1998, 109 (1): 1~7.
[20]
Keppeler E T, Ziemer R R. Logging effects on streamflow: water yield and summer low flows at Caspar Creek in northwestern California. Water Resour. Res. 1990,26 (7): 1669~1679.
[21]
Hicks B J, Beschta R L, Harr R D. Long-term changes in streamflow following logging in western Oregon and associated fisheries implication. Water Resour. Bull1991, 27 (2): 217~226.
[22]
Smith R E. Effect of clearfelling pines on water yield in a small eastern Transvaal catchment, South Africa. Water SA,1991,17 (3): 217~224.
[23]
Hutchinson P D. Regression estimation of low flow in New Zealand. Hydrology Centre Christchurch, NZ Publication 22, 1990, 51.
[24]
Clausen B. Modelling streamflow recession in two Danish streams. Nord. Hydrol., 1992, 23(2): 73~88.
[25]
Clausen B, Pearson C P. Regional frequency analysis of annual maximum streamflow drought. J. Hydrol. 1995, 173, 111~130.
[26]
Ando Y, Takahasi Y, Ito K. Regionalisation of parameters by basin geology for use in a groundwater runoff recession equation. IAHS Publication, 1986, (156): 151~159.
[27]
Zecharias Y B, Brutsaert W. Recession characteristics of groundwater outflow and baseflow from mountainous watersheds.Water Resour. Res., 1988, 24 (10), 1651~1658.
[28]
Liebscher H J. The use of long-term river level and discharge records in the study of climatic variations in the Federal Republic of Germany. Proceedings of the Symposium on Variations in the Global Water Budget, Reidel, Oxford, 1983, 173~184.
[29]
Wood T R. Present-day hydrology of the River Severn. Paleohydrology in Practice: A River Basin Analysis. Wiley, New York, 1987, 79~97.
[30]
Arnell N W. Changing frequency of extreme hydrological events in northern and western Europe. FRIENDS in ydrology, IAHS Publication , 1989, 187: 237~249.
[31]
Wilby R, Greenfield B, Glenny C. A coupled synoptichydrological model for climate change impact assessment. J. Hydrol, 1994, 153, 265~290.
[32]
Querner E P, Tallaksen L M, Kasparek L, Lanen H A J van. Impact of land-use, climatic change and groundwater abstractions on streamflow droughts using physically- based models. In: FRIEND'97 — Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Resource Management, IAHS Publication 1997, (246): 171~179.
[33]
Boussinesq J. Recherches throretique sur l'rcoulement des nappes d'eau infiltr~es duns le sol et sur le drbit des sources. J. Math. Pure Appl., 10 (5th series), 5-78. (Cited by Hall (1968).)
[34]
Horton R E. The role of infiltration in the hydrologic cycle. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 1993, 14: 446~460.
[35]
Ambroise B. Interactions eaux souterraines--eaux de surface dans le bassin du Ringelbach a Soultzeren (hautes Vosges, France): Role hydrologique des surfaces saturres (English abstract). In: P. Dahlblom and G. Lindh (Editors), Interaction between Groundwater and Surface Water, Proc.Ystad Symp., June 1988. Dept. Water Resour. Eng., Lurid University, Lund, 1988, 231~238.
[36]
Weruer P W, Sundquist K J. On the groundwater recession curve for large watersheds. IAHS Publ., 1951, 33: 202~212.
[37]
Singh K P, Stall J B. Derivation of base flow recession curves and parameters. Water Resour. Res., 1971, 7(2): 292~303.
[38]
Nutbrown D A. Normal mode analysis of the linear equation of groundwater flow. Water Resour. Res., 1975, 11(6): 979~987.
[39]
Wittenberg H. Nonlinear analysis of flow recession curves. In: A. Herrmarm (Editor), Extended Abstracts, 2nd Int. Conf. on FRIEND, Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data, Braunschweig, October 1993, Inst. Fiir Geographic und Geofkkologie der Technischen Universit, it Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landschaftsfkologie und Umweltforschung, 1993, 22: 25~26.
[40]
Brutsaert W, Nieber J L. Regionalized drought flow hydrographs from a mature glaciated plateau. Water Resour. Res., 1977, 13(3): 637~643.
[41]
James L D, Thompson W O. Least squares estimation of constants in a linear recession model. Water Resour. Res., 1970, 6(4): 1062~1069.
[42]
Vogel R M, Krotl C N. Estimation of baseflow recession constants (Abstract). In: D.S. Bowles and P.E. O'Connell (Editors), Recent Advances in the Modeling of Hydrologic Systems. Proc. NATO Advanced Study Inst., Sintra, 1988. NATO ASI Series C, 345, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1991, 659.
[43]
Otnes J. T~rrv~erskurven. In: J. Otnes and E. R~estad (Editors), Hydrologi i Praksis. Ingeniorforlaget, Oslo, 1978, 227~233.
[44]
Pereira L S, Keller H M. Factors affecting recession parameters and flow components in eleven small Pre-Alp basins. IAHS Publ., 1982b, 138: 233~242.
[45]
Petras I. An approach to the mathematical expression of recession curves. Water S.Afr., 1986, 12(3): 145~150.
[46]
H Wittenberg. M Sivapalan Watershed groundwater balance estimation using streamflow recession analysis and baseflow separation Journal of Hydrology 219 (1999) :20~33.
[47]
Arnold J G, P M Allen. Automated methods for estimating baseflow and ground water recharge from streamflow. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 1999,35 (2): 411~424.
[48]
Ronald A. Sloto and Michèle Y. Crouse. HYSEP: A computer program for streamflow hydrograph separation and analysis. US.Geological survey. Water-Resources Investigations Report 1996.
[49]
Wels C, Cornett R J, LaZerte B D. Hydrograph separation: A comparison of geochemical and isotopic tracers. J. of Hydrol., 1991, 122: 253~274.
[50]
Dincer T, Payne B R, Florkowski T, Martinec J, Tongiorgi E. Snowmelt runoff from measurements of tritium and oxygen-18. Water Resour. Res., 1970, 6:110~124.
[51]
Martinec J, Siegenthaler U, Oeschger H, Tongiorgi E. Event insights into the runoff mechanism by environmental isotopes. In: Isotope Techniques in Groundwater Hydrology. IAEA. Vienna, Austria, 1974, 129~143.
[52]
Sklash M G, Farvolden R N, Fritz P. A conceptual model of catchment response to rainfall, developed through the use of oxygen-18 as a natural tracer. Can. J. Earth Sci., 1976, 13: 271~283.
[53]
Gu Weizu, Liu Changming, Song Xianfang, Yu Jingjie, Xia Jun, Wang Quanjiu, Lu Jialu, 2004. Hydrological experimental system and environmental isotope tracing: a review on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of Chinese basin studies and the 20th Anniversary of Chuzhou Hydrology Laboratory. In: Xi R.Z., Gu W.Z., Seiler K.P.(eds.). Research basins and hydrological planning. London, JK. Taylor & Francis Group plc.2004. , 11~18.
[54]
Arnold J G, J R. Williams and D R Maident. Continuous-time water and sediment-routing model for large basins. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 1995, 121(2):171~183.
[55]
Liang X, Wood E F, Lettenmaier D P. Surface soil moisture parameterization of VIC-2L model: Evaluation and modification. Global and Planetary Change, 1996,13:195~206.
Joubert AR, Hurly P R. The use of daily flow data to classify South African Rivers. In: King, J.M., Tharme R.E. (Eds.), Assessment of the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology and Initial Development of Alternative Instream Flow Methodologies for South Africa. Water Research Commission Report, 1994, (295/1/94):286~359.
[63]
Midgley D C, Pitman W V, Middleton B J. Surface water resources of South Africa 1990. Water Research Commission Report, 1994, (298/5.1/94), Pretoria, South Africa.
[64]
Hayes D C. Low-flow characteristics of streams in Virginia. USGS Open-File Report, 1992, 89~586, 85.
[65]
Nathan R J, McMahon T A. Identification of homogeneous regions for the purposes of regionalisation. J. Hydrol., 1991c, 121, 217~238.
[66]
Nathan R J, McMahon T A. Estimating low flow characteristics in ungauged catchments: a practical guide. Department of Civil and Agricultural Engineering, University of Melbourne, 1990, 60.
[67]
Nathan R J, McMahon T A. Estimating low flow characteristics in ungauged catchments. Water Resour. Manag. 1992, 6, 85~100.
[68]
Thomas D M, Benson M A. Generalization of streamflow characteristics from drainage-basin characteristics. USGS Water Supply Paper ,1975.
[69]
HALL FR. Base flow recessions: a review. Water Resource Research,1968, 4(5):973~983.
Whitehouse I E, McSaveney M J, Horrell G A. Spatial variability of low flows across a portion of the central southern Alps, New Zealand. J. Hydrol, 1983, 22, 123~137.
[72]
Gerard R. Regional analysis of low flows: a cold region example. Proceedings of the Fifth Canadian Hydrotechnology Conference, Canadian Society for Civil Engineers, 1981, 1: 95~112.
[73]
Fountain A G, Tangborn W V. Effect of glaciers on stream-flow variations. Water Resour. Res. 1985, 21 (4), 579~586.
[74]
Kravchenko V V, Chernykh O A. The role of ice cover in generation of winter flow in rivers of Trans Baikal region.Glaciology studies in Siberia. Irkutsk, USSR, 1985, 73~91.
[75]
Owen M. Groundwater abstraction and river flows. J. Inst.Water Environ. Manag. 1991, 5 (6), 697~702.
[76]
Gustard A, Bullock A, Dixon J M. Low flow estimation in the United Kingdom. Institute of Hydrology, Report, 1992, (108): 88, append.
[77]
Clausen B, Young A R, Gustard A. Modelling the impact of groundwater abstractions on low-river flow. FRIEND: Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data, IAHS Publication , 1994, (221): 77~85.
[78]
Smithers J C, Schulze. The Dehoek/Ntabamhlope hydrological research catchments 1974 to 1994. Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agriculture Catchments Research Unit, Repor, 1994, (42): 127.
[79]
Meier K B, Brodie J R, Schulze R E, Smithers J C, Mnguni D. Modelling the impacts of riparian zone alien vegetation on catchment water resources using the ACRU model. Proceedings of the Eighth South African National Hydrology Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa, 1997,13.
[80]
Wilgen B W, van Little P R, Chapman R A, Go¨rgens, A H M, Willems T, Marais C. The sustainable development water resources: History, financial costs and benefits of alien plant control programmes. S Afr. J. Sci. ,1997, 93, 404~411.
[81]
Kuusisto E. Winter and summer low flows in Finland. Aqua Fenn,1987, 16 (2): 181~186.
[82]
Sakovich V M. Regional estimation method of minimum river flows from river basin characteristics. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Runoff Calculations for Water Projects. St. Petersburg, Russia, 1995.
[83]
Lacey G C, Grayson R B. Relating baseflow to catchment properties in south-eastern Australia. J. Hydrol. 1998, 204, 231~250.
[84]
Smith R W. Rock type and minimum 7-day/10-year flow in Virginia streams. Virginia Water Resource Research Center, Virginia Polytechnology Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Bulletin, 1981, 116, 43.
[85]
Nathan R J, McMahon T A. Estimating low flow characteristics in ungauged catchments: a practical guide. Department of Civil and Agricultural Engineering, University of Melbourne, 1991, 60.
[86]
Kobold M, Brilly M. Low-flow discharge analysis in Slovenia. FRIEND — Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data. IAHS Publication, 1992, (221): 119~131.
[87]
Vogel R M, Kroll C N. Regional geohydrologicgeomorphic relationships for the estimation of low-flow statistics. Water Resour. Res. 1992, 28 (9), 2451~2458.
[88]
Browne T J. Derivation of a geologic index for low-flow studies. Catena 8, 1981, 265~280.
[89]
Pereira LS, Keller H M. Recession characteristics of small mountain basins, derivation of master recession curves and optimization of recession parameters. IAHS Publication, 1982, (138): 243~255.
[90]
Demuth S. Application of the west German IHP Recommendations for the analysis of data from small research basins. FRIENDS in Hydrology, IAHS Publication 1989, (187): 47~60.
[91]
Garcia-Martino A R, Scatena F N, Warner G S, Civco D L. Statistical low-flow estimation using GIS analysis in humid montane regions in Puerto Rico. Water Resour. Bull, 1996, 32 (6): 1259~1271.
[92]
Schaake J C, Chunzhen L. Development and application of simple water balance models to understand the relationship between climate and water resources. New directions for surface water modeling. Proceedings of a Baltimore Symposium, IAHS Publication,1989, (181): 343~352.
[93]
Telis P A. Improving estimates of low-flow characteristics for streamflow stations affected by climatic cycles. Proceedings of the 20th Mississippi Water Resources Conferenes, Jackson, Mississippi. Water Research Institute, Mississippi State University. 1990, 37~40.
[94]
Ishihara T, Takagi F. A study of the variation of low flow. Disaster Prev. Res. Inst. Kyoto Univ. Bull., 1965, 15(2): 75~98.
[95]
Nutbrown D A, Downing R A. Normal-mode analysis of the structure of baseflow-recession curves. J. Hydrol., 1976, 30: 327~340.
[96]
Spolia S K, Chander S. Modelling of surface runoff systems by an ARMA model. J. Hydrol., 1974, 22: 317~332.
[97]
Toebes C, Strang D D. On recession curves, 1-Recession equations. J. Hydrol. NZ, 1964, 3(2): 2~15.
[98]
Otnes J. Uregulerte elvers vassforing i t~rrvaersperioder. Nor. Geogr. Tidsskr., 1953, 14: 210~218.
[99]
Tjomsland T, Ruud E, Nordseth K. The physiographic influence on recession rtmoffin small Norwegian rivers. Nord. Hydrol., 1978, 9: 17~30.
[100]
Barnes B S. The structure of discharge-recession curves. Trans. Am, Geophys: Union, 1939, 20: 721~725.
[101]
Pereira L S, Keller H M. Recession characteristics of small mountain basins, derivation of master recession curves and optimization of recession parameters. IAHS Publ., 1982a, 138: 243~255.
[102]
Nathan R J, T A McMahon. Evaluation of Automated Techniques for Baseflow and Recession Analysis. Water Resources Research, 1990, 26 (7) : 1465~1473.
[103]
Hoeg S, Uhlenbrook S, Leibundgut Ch, 2000. Hydrograph separation in a mountainous catchment - combining hydrochemical and isotopic tracers, Hydrol., Process., 14: 1199~1216. ecopy
[104]
Smith G I, Friedman I, Gleason J D. and Warden A. Stable Isotope Compositions of Waters in Southeastern California: 2. Groundwaters and Their Relation to Modern Precipitation. J.of Geophys. Res., 1992, 97: 5813~5823.
[105]
Tasker G D. Comparing methods of hydrologic regionalization. Water Resour. Bull. 1982, 18 (6), 965~970.
[106]
Solin L, Polacik S. Identification of homogeneous hydrological regional types of basins. FRIEND: Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data, IAHS Publication, 1994, (221): 467~473.