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-  2014 

不同类型农户家庭能源消费差异及其影响因素——以重庆市“两翼”地区为例

DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201411005

Keywords: 农户类型,家庭能源,影响因素,薪柴,重庆市

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Abstract:

摘要: 随着社会经济发展,农户生计出现分化。不同生计类型农户家庭用能差异越来越明显,而已有文献对此研究较少。选取了重庆市经济发展相对落后和生态脆弱性较强的“两翼”地区为案例,基于1015份调查问卷,对比分析了不同类型农户家庭能源消费数量、结构及环境、经济成本的差异。基于山区生态环境的角度及农户家庭用能现状,使用Tobit模型,分析了农户家庭薪柴(最主要的能源)消费比例的影响因素。研究表明:① 四类农户中,以非农为主的III-2(人力资产型农户)的人均薪柴消费量及其占总能的比例均最低。由于生计策略差异及年龄等条件限制,其他三类农户仍大量使用薪柴。② 农户人均薪柴消费成本较高,尤其在环境成本方面,替代能源能有效降低农户人均能源消费的环境成本。III-2通过减少薪柴消费量,降低了人均家庭能源消费总成本,其他三类农户人均家庭能源消费总成本较高。③ 替代能源可获取性及人均牲畜量是影响四类农户薪柴消费比例的共同原因;此外,家庭健康状况对II(基本型农户)薪柴消费比例有促进作用,对III-2起抑制作用;在家人数比例对III-1(自然资产型农户)和III-2薪柴消费比例均有促进作用,其他收入不利于降低II薪柴消费比例。

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