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-  2014 

国家级风景名胜区旅游效率空间格局动态演化及其驱动机制

DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201406015

Keywords: DEA,国家级风景名胜区,旅游效率,空间演化,驱动机制

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Abstract:

摘要: 借助数据包络分析方法(DEA)综合测算了国家级风景名胜区旅游效率,结合标准差椭圆和重心坐标探讨了风景名胜区旅游效率重心演化的轨迹与路径,考察了影响演化轨迹的重要因素及其作用机理。结果表明:① 国家级风景名胜区旅游效率总体不高,变化幅度较小,综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率均呈现明显的波动性特征,说明改革开放初期的风景区旅游发展主要得益于规模投资,有效的货币资本投入是提升旅游发展的主要措施,平均效率值总体表现为下降态势,风景区多数处于无效率状态,DEA最优状态缺乏,导致了风景区生产单元存在一定的资源冗余和开发低效状态。② 从重心的整体分布上看,主要位于107°11'~118°37'E 和29°02'~38°55'N 之间,东西跨度约11°,南北跨度约9°;从旅游效率重心演变的轨迹上来看,综合效率的变化轨迹最大,但总体上都是经历了先西偏南再东偏北再西偏南的历程,其中规模效率和全要素生产率的重心东偏北的趋势相对较小,而综合效率和纯技术效率在重心东偏北的趋势上变化较大。③ 针对风景区旅游效率空间格局动态演化的驱动机制的剖析表明,经济发展水平、资源禀赋、产业结构、交通发展、信息技术及制度供给是影响效率重心偏移的重要因素,促使了效率动态格局的空间演化,优化产业结构,引进先进技术,完善市场引导机制,政府科学调控及资源禀赋改善是促进风景区旅游效率提升的有效路径

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