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-  2012 

湖南凤凰茶田汞矿区土壤-水稻系统中汞的传输及其健康风险

DOI: 10.11821/yj2012010007

Keywords: 重金属,,矿区,水稻,土壤-植物系统,湖南凤凰县

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Abstract:

摘要: 通过野外系统采样和室内分析,研究了湖南凤凰县茶田汞矿区耕层土壤及水稻中Hg的含量分布以及土壤-水稻系统中Hg的传输和分配。结果表明:由于地质成因和人为采选矿活动导致矿区土壤及作物中Hg大量富集,与对照区相比,矿区耕作土壤、稻根、稻秆、稻米中Hg平均含量分别增加了267.6倍、8.6倍、5.8倍和2.3倍。土壤中的有机-硫化态Hg同稻根、稻秆、稻米中Hg含量间均呈现显著正相关性,但整体而言,Hg由土壤→稻根以及稻根→稻米的富集/迁移系数较低,移动性弱。矿区稻米Hg平均含量为0.09±0.04μg/g,与国家粮食卫生标准(GB2762–2005)的限值(0.02μg/g)相比,超标达4.5倍。当地居民终生平均每天摄入的Hg量为0.75μg/(kg.d),超过WHO推荐的可耐受剂量[0.71μg/(kg.d)],面临较大的健康风险。对矿区中多种元素研究发现,稻米中Hg、Pb、Se共同富集,其复合污染机制的研究亟待开展

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