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-  2014 

山体基面高度对青藏高原及其周边地区雪线空间分布的影响

DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201401003

Keywords: 山体效应,山体基面高度,雪线,空间分布,相对贡献率,青藏高原

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Abstract:

摘要: 山体效应是地理地带性之外,在大尺度上影响垂直带分布的主要因素,山体基面高度则是山体效应的第一影响因子。青藏高原及其周边地区,雪线呈现出中心高、周围低,与山体基面高度相一致的环状分布模式。为分析山体基面高度对雪线分布的影响,本文共收集青藏高原及周边地区雪线数据142个,采用纬度、经度和基面高度为自变量的三元一次方程拟合研究区雪线分布,计算各自的标准回归系数和相对贡献率,再将基面高度划分成5个子集(0~1000 m、1001~2000 m、2001~3000 m、3001~4000 m和4001~5000 m),分析基面高度不同的山地对雪线的影响差异。结果表明:① 在青藏高原,纬度、经度和基面高度对雪线高度分布的相对贡献率分别为51.49%、16.31%和32.20%;② 随着基面高度的增高,各子集模型的决定系数虽有逐渐降低的趋势,但仍保持在较高的值域(R2=0.895~0.668),说明模型的有效性;③ 随基面高度的抬升,纬度和山体基面高度对雪线分布高度的相对贡献率分别表现出降低(92.6%~48.99%,R2=0.855)和增大(3.33%~31.76%,R2=0.582)的趋势,表明基面高度越高,其对雪线分布高度的影响越大

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