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-  2009 

东北地区融雪期径流及产沙特征分析

DOI: 10.11821/yj2009020007

Keywords: 降雪与积雪,融雪期,融雪径流,融雪输沙模数,东北地区

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Abstract:

摘要: 严重的水土流失已威胁到东北地区的土地资源,融雪径流及其造成的侵蚀作为该地区水土流失的重要组成部分,但相关研究较少。本文利用全区93个气象站降水资料,分析了东北地区降雪与积雪的基本特征。利用27个典型流域水文站径流泥沙资料,分析了融雪期内径流与产沙特征。结果表明:东北各地雪期长度为5~8个月,自南向北逐渐延长。年降雪量占年降水总量的比例多在7~25%,由此形成的融雪期径流深占全年径流深比例达13.3~24.9%,融雪期输沙模数占全年输沙模数比例达5.8~27.7%。融雪期流域输沙模数受地貌影响十分显著:丘陵漫岗区降雪量和径流深均低于山区,但输沙模数平均为山区的2.9倍。融雪输沙模数与流域面积有十分显著的幂函数递减关系。为揭示融雪侵蚀影响因素及其作用机理,今后应加强融雪期内流域侵蚀及产沙监测。

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