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-  2015 

城市居民出行的空气污染暴露测度及其影响机制——北京市郊区社区的案例分析

DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201507010

Keywords: 出行,空气污染暴露,健康,时间地理学,北京

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Abstract:

摘要: 利用2010年北京两个典型郊区社区(天通苑、亦庄)居民出行的GPS数据与活动日志调查数据,测度了不同交通方式环境下居民每日出行过程中PM2.5和CO空气污染暴露度,并分析了不同人群PM2.5和CO空气污染暴露度的差异性,进而构建结构方程模型分析郊区社区居民PM2.5和CO空气污染暴露度的影响因素。研究表明:① 机动化出行率对空气污染暴露程度的直接影响最大,其次是出行次数与出行时间,即机动化出行率越大,出行次数越多、出行时间越长空污染暴露程度越高;机动化出行率通过影响出行时间和出行次数间接影响空气污染暴露度;职住距离对居民空气污染暴露度也存在影响,职住分离程度越高空气污染暴露度越高,职住距离通过增加出行时间进而增加空气污染暴露度。② 不同社会经济属性群体的出行空气污染暴露度存在一定差异性,中等收入群体显著高于低收入群体和高收入群体,租房者显著低于购房者;未婚群体的PM2.5污染暴露度显著高于已婚群体,驾照持有群体的CO污染暴露度高于无驾照群体。

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