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-  2015 

1985-2012年哈尔滨自然历主要物候期变动特征及对气温变化的响应

DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201509005

Keywords: 自然历,气温变化,物候,响应,哈尔滨

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Abstract:

摘要： 利用中国物候观测网观测数据,新编制了哈尔滨地区1985-2012年的自然历。通过与原自然历（1963-1984年）比较,揭示了近30年以来哈尔滨地区21个植物99个物候期的变化特征,并通过物候期与气温的相关分析探讨了物候变化原因。结果表明：自1985年以来,哈尔滨的春季、夏季、秋季的物候期开始日期提前,冬季开始日期推迟。其中春季（以白榆叶芽膨大期为代表）、夏季（以暴马丁香开花始期为代表）、秋季（以金银忍冬果实成熟期为代表）分别提前了7天、6天和19天,冬季（以胡桃楸落叶末期为代表）推迟了2天。各物候期在春季、夏季、秋季的平均日期相较于原自然历提前了3~11天,在冬季推迟了3天。四季各物候期最早日期均以提前为主,夏冬季物候期最晚日期有所推迟。另外,各季节内部分物候期出现的先后次序发生了变化。近30年该地区气温的升高是物候季节开始日期提前的首要原因。且不同植物和物候期对气温变化的响应敏感性不同可解释物候季节内物候期先后次序的变化。

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