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-  2015 

WRF模拟的1980-2000年中国东北农业开发对气候的影响

DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201510004

Keywords: WRF模式,土地利用/覆盖变化,地表气温,夏季降水,中国东北

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Abstract:

摘要: 利用WRF模式,基于中国东北1980年代前期和2000年的土地利用/覆盖数据,分别进行了1980-2000年的气候变化模拟试验。通过两个试验结果的对比,分析了1980-2000年中国东北农业开发对气候的影响。在冬季和春季,农业开发使地表反照率增强,地表吸收的短波辐射减少,地表感热通量相应减少,地表气温降低;在夏季和秋季,农业开发削弱了地表反照率,地表吸收的短波辐射增加,同时地表潜热通量大幅增加,且增幅大于地表吸收的短波辐射的增幅,地表感热通量则相应减少,地表气温降低。农业开发的致冷幅度大多为0.1°C~1.0°C,与同期大尺度气候变化导致的当地背景温度变幅基本相当。农业开发引起的夏季降水变化因气候年景而异,“南旱北涝”年景下,呼伦贝尔—黑龙江省中部以及吉林省中部少雨,黑、吉、蒙三省(自治区)交界处降水增加,辽、蒙交界处以及辽东湾北部降水减少;“南涝北旱”年景下,呼伦贝尔—黑龙江省中部以及吉林省中部多雨,黑、吉、蒙三省(自治区)交界处降水减少,辽、蒙交界处以及辽东湾北部降水减少。农业开发的面积极其有限,因而由其导致的温度和降水显著变化主要出现在农业开发当地,尚不足以显著影响区域平均温度和降水变化。

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