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物质热力学函数温度系数的通用计算方法

, PP. 216-221

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Abstract:

物质热力函数(摩尔定压热容、熵、焓)是用于火箭发动机热力特性分析的常用函数.根据热力学关系,上述3种热力函数可表示为以温度为自变量,且含相同7个温度系数的多项式.由于精确分析物质热力特性的需要,需要各温度下更新更精确的数据值.将热力函数按温度高低分为不同区间,在保证各温度连接点函数值相等的情况下,采用最小二乘法的数学方法,通过编程计算,重新确定了135种火箭发动机常用物质的温度系数,得到300~5000K内这些物质的函数计算值.进一步,对氮原子、液体铅、固体硅等相对误差较大的26种物质的摩尔定压热容利用最小二乘法再次进行了修正,使其精确度平均提高了100倍.所得到的热力函数计算值与标准值比较,误差小,精度高,使用方便,具有广泛的应用价值.

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