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基于SCS-CN与MUSLE模型的三峡库区小流域侵蚀产沙模拟

DOI: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201505020, PP. 860-867

Keywords: 三峡库区,侵蚀泥沙,MUSLE模型,SCS-CN模型

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Abstract:

传统土壤侵蚀模型模拟次降雨产沙时难以确定泥沙输移系数,分布式的侵蚀产沙模型对数据量需求量大。选择三峡库区宋家沟小流域为研究对象,基于2013年的降雨、植被盖度、地形、土壤等数据,利用SCS-CN和MUSLE模型耦合模拟流域的场降雨的产沙量。结果表明:该模型的模拟值的精确度在可接受范围内,整个流域2013年的泥沙流失量是3923t,全年中5场较大的降雨贡献了泥沙流失量的80%以上;不同土地利用类型的泥沙输出量差异很大,耕地(面积44.63%)贡献了81.54%的泥沙,有林地(面积47.61%)贡献了17.63%的泥沙;坡度在0~8度的区域贡献的产沙量仅为1.75%,大于25度的区域占流域面积的比例是39.21%,产沙量占55.77%;泥沙模拟值相比实测值偏大,其原因可能是流域中分布的池塘改变了径流过程,发挥拦截泥沙功能。

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