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气温对长江上游巴塘站年径流的影响分析

DOI: 10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201507009, PP. 1142-1149

Keywords: 长江上游,年径流,ATD,气温,GAMLSS

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Abstract:

为了深入分析气温对长江上游年径流的影响和解释青藏高原冰川融水再冻结现象的物理机制,采用对位置、尺度、形状的广义可加模型(简称GAMLSS)建立控制因素降水、气温、ATD与年径流量之间的关系。在GAMLSS框架下,气温影响因子可以用两种形式表示,一种是直接采用气温,另一种是采取ATD指数(累积气温亏损值)。通过比较不同解释变量组合下的GAMLSS模型,进而研究气温对长江上游巴塘站1960~2012年的年径流影响。结果表明:基于ATD的回归模型,在年径流序列服从对数正态分布假设的条件下拟合效果最优。与气温值相比,ATD指数能更有效地解释长江上游径流变化的特征和冰川产流的物理机制。研究成果对长江上游年径流预报、高原气候下的产流特征分析具有理论意义。

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