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RC桥梁碳化腐蚀下的开裂风险、耐久性和全寿命成本分析

Keywords: 桥梁工程,RC桥梁,碳化腐蚀,耐久性,开裂风险,时变可靠度,全寿命成本

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Abstract:

基于改进的碳化深度预测模型,利用最新的CO2浓度数据,发展了时变可靠度模型计算混凝土结构在碳化腐蚀下的开裂概率。建立概率模型可以考虑CO2浓度、扩散过程、劣化机理、钢筋的位置、保护层深度、腐蚀电流的随机性和不确定性。计算了不同耐久性设计状态下和不同的锈胀开裂宽度准则下在碳化腐蚀作用下的开裂风险。建立了全寿命成本概率模型,比较了在碳化腐蚀下的不同耐久性措施和不同锈胀开裂宽度准则的全寿命经济性能,提出了在碳化腐蚀作用下未来混凝土结构保护层设计厚度。研究发现对于保护层厚度为40mm和水灰比为0.45的混凝土结构,腐蚀开裂概率仅为0.003,碳化腐蚀损伤可以忽略。然而,对于保护层厚度为20mm和水灰比为0.55的混凝土结构,结构服役50a后,有0.18的概率开裂。在100a后,概率提高到0.37,其全寿命成本为中等耐久性混凝土结构的3.1倍。当现有结构保护层厚度为小于或等于55mm时在未来排放策略下保护层厚度需要提高3~15mm以疏缓RC桥梁的碳化腐蚀损伤。

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