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双电层对非饱和粘土渗透率的影响

, PP. 47-51

Keywords: 道路工程,非饱和粘土,理论计算,渗透率,双电层

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Abstract:

为研究非饱和粘土中电荷对其渗透率的影响,首先阐述粘土双电层产生的机理,分析了双电层对粘土中极性液体流动产生电滞阻力的原因;然后利用物理化学中关于胶体动电性质的有关公式和达西定律,导出了受到电效应影响的水相渗透率公式,并结合已有的非饱和土渗透率公式,得到了考虑电效应影响的非饱和土的综合渗透率公式;最后以钠高岭土为例,分别计算出在温度为15℃、4种不同浓度的NaCl溶液考虑电效应影响的渗透率ke和不同饱和度下不考虑电效应的渗透率k*。计算结果表明(1)在温度恒定的情况下,渗透液的浓度对ke影响很大,随着浓度的增大,ke近似线性减小;(2)渗透液的饱和度对k*影响显著,随着饱和度的减小,k*显著减小。因而,在溶液浓度较低和饱和度较低的情况下,非饱和土水的渗透应考虑电效应的影响;在饱和土中,电效应的影响很小,可以不予考虑。

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