Hennecke M E, Prasad K V, Stork D G. Automatic Speech Recognition System Using Acoustic and Visual Signals // Proc of the 29th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. Pacific Grove, USA, 1995, Ⅱ: 12141218
[2]
Lanitis A, Taylor C J, Cootes T F. An Automatic Face Identification System Using Flexible Appearance Models. Image and Vision Computing, 1995, 13(5): 393401
[3]
Turk M, Pentland A. Eigenfaces for Recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 1991, 3(1): 7186
[4]
Yang Jie, Waibel A. A Realtime Face Tracker // Proc of the 3rd IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision. Sarasota, USA, 1996: 142147
[5]
Chai D, Ngan K N. Face Segmentation Using SkinColor Map in Videophone Application. IEEE Trans on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 1999, 9(4): 551564
[6]
Bregler C, Konig Y. Eigenlips for Robust Speech Recognition // Proc of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. Adelaide, Australia, 1994: 669672
[7]
Iwano K, Tamura S, Furui S. Bimodal Speech Recognition Using Lip Movement Measured by OpticalFlow Analysis // Proc of the International Workshop on HandsFree Speech Communication. Kyoto, Japan, 2001: 187190
[8]
Luettin J, Thacker N A, Beet S W. Speechreading Using Shape and Intensity Information // Proc of the IEEE International Conference on Spoken Language. Philadelphia, USA, 1996, Ⅰ: 5861
[9]
Cootes T F, Edwards G J, Taylor C J. Active Appearance Models. IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2001, 23(6): 681685
[10]
Aleksic P S, Katsaggelos K. Comparison of MPEG4 Facial Animation Parameter Groups with Respect to AudioVisual Speech Recognition Performance // Proc of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing. Genoa, Italy, 2005, Ⅲ: 501504
[11]
Xue Yi. The Principles and Methods for Optimization. Beijing, China: Beijing Industry University Press, 2001 (in Chinese) (薛 毅.最优化原理与方法.北京:北京工业大学出版社, 2001)
[12]
Gonzalez R C, Woods R E. Digital Image Processing. 2nd Edition. Upper Saddle River, USA: Prentice Hall, 2002
[13]
Lin Fuzong. Fundamentals of Multimedia Technology. 2nd Edition. Beijing, China: Tsinghua University Press, 2002 (in Chinese) (林福宗.多媒体技术基础.第2版.北京:清华大学出版社, 2002)
[14]
Yao Hongxun, Liu Mingbao, Gao Wen, et al. Method of Face Locating and Tracking Based on Chromatic Coordinates Transformation of Color Images. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2000, 23(2): 158165 (in Chinese) (姚鸿勋,刘明宝,高 文,等.基于彩色图像的色系坐标变换的面部定位与跟踪法.计算机学报, 2000, 23(2): 158165)
[15]
Wang Rui, Gao Wen, Ma Jiyong. An Approach to Robust and Fast Locating of Lip Motion. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2001, 24(8): 866871 (in Chinese) (王 瑞,高 文,马继涌.一种快速、鲁棒的唇动检测与定位方法.计算机学报, 2001, 24(8): 866871)
[16]
Bian Zhaoqi, Zhang Xuegong. Pattern Recognition. 2nd Edition. Beijing, China: Tsinghua University Press, 2002 (in Chinese) (边肇祺, 张学工.模式识别.第2版.北京:清华大学出版社, 2002)
[17]
Otsu N. A Threshold Selection Method from GrayLevel Histogram. IEEE Trans on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 1979, 9(1): 6266
[18]
Hennecke M E, Prasad K V, Stork D G. Using Deformable Templates to Infer Visual Speech Dynamics // Proc of the 28th Annual Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. Pacific Grove, USA, 1994, Ⅰ: 578582
[19]
Kass M, Witkin A, Terzopoulus D. Snakes: Active Contour Models. International Journal of Computer Vision, 1988, 1(4): 321331
