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菌物学报  2015 

隐匿柄锈菌(小麦叶锈病菌)UP-PCR遗传多样性分析

DOI: DOI:10.13346/j.mycosystema.130283, PP. 215-226

Keywords: 隐匿柄锈菌,小麦叶锈病,通用引物,毒性鉴定,遗传结构

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Abstract:

小麦叶锈病是世界麦区普遍发生的病害。以2008年采集于河北省的29个隐匿柄锈菌(小麦叶锈病菌)单孢子堆分离菌系为试验材料,利用39个小麦抗叶锈近等(单)基因系和7个UP-PCR(UniversallyPrimedPCR)引物对其进行毒性多态性和分子多态性分析。7个UP-PCR引物共检测出48条条带,其中多态性条带41条,多态性百分率为85.42%,表明UP-PCR在隐匿柄锈菌中扩增多态性较高;经聚类分析,遗传相似系数为0.69–0.90,在相似系数0.72处,29个叶锈菌株聚为6组,体现了隐匿柄锈菌菌株间的亲缘关系和差异性,表明UP-PCR技术可用于小麦叶锈病菌群体遗传多样性研究。在物种水平上,隐匿柄锈菌观察等位基因数(Na)为1.85,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.29,Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.19,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.31,多态位点百分率(P)为85.42%,表明隐匿柄锈菌遗传多样性丰富,其中沧州的群体遗传多样性水平最高,群体内多样性大于群体间多样性。聚类分析表明沧州和石家庄的病菌群体亲缘关系最近,邢台与石家庄的群体亲缘关系最远。隐匿柄锈菌UP-PCR多态性与毒性多态性间无明显相关性,且两者均与地理来源无相关性。

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