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菌物学报  2015 

设施栽培黄瓜根内AMF与DSE结构发育特征

DOI: DOI:10.13346/j.mycosystema.130277, PP. 402-409

Keywords: 黄瓜,菌根真菌,内生真菌,丛枝结构,侵染率,根结线虫

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Abstract:

本研究旨在观察和测定设施栽培黄瓜根系丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscularmycorrhizalfungi,AMF)与暗隔内生真菌(darkseptateendophyticfungi,DSE)形态结构,明确其发育特征,为进一步探索AMF与DSE相互作用奠定基础。自山东莱阳、寿光和莱西等设施蔬菜主产区选择黄瓜Cucumissativus样地,从不同连作年限、黄瓜生育期和土层深度分别采集黄瓜根系和根区土壤;观察根内AMF与DSE形态特征、测定AMF和DSE侵染数量、分析AMF或DSE侵染发育数量与黄瓜根结线虫Meloidogyneincognita病害的相关性。从黄瓜根系中可观察到典型的AMF泡囊、疆南星型(Arum,A)与重楼型(Paris,P)丛枝结构、DSE菌丝和微菌核。以黄瓜结果中期根系AMF和DSE侵染率最高,分别为57%和28%,苗期最低,分别为18%和8%;初花期的丛枝为P型,苗期和结果中期则为A型+P型。连作10年的侵染率,连作>10年的丛枝为A型。黄瓜根系以0–15cm土层中AMF侵染率最高(29%),丛枝为P型;以>30cm的侵染率最低(12%),丛枝为A型;15–30cm土层的为A型+P型。AMFP型着生率、P/A比率和DSE侵染率分别与根结线虫病的为害程度具有相关性。研究结果还表明黄瓜根系AMF侵染率与DSE侵染率呈显著正相关关系。

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