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菌物学报  2015 

广东湛江湾优势真菌群落结构及其与理化因子的关系

DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.130233, PP. 53-64

Keywords: 海洋真菌,理化因子,相关性

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Abstract:

通过对2010年1月9日采自广东湛江湾的海水样品中真菌的分离培养和鉴定,发现第一优势属为枝孢属,包括球枝孢、枝状枝孢、芋枝孢、极细枝孢、尖孢枝孢、收窄枝孢、夏生枝孢7个种;第二优势属为青霉属,包括疣孢青霉、灰黄青霉、菌核青霉、嗜松青霉、棘孢青霉、简青霉6个种;第三优势属为侧齿霉属,仅白色侧齿霉一个种;第四优势属为曲霉属,包括土曲霉、棘孢曲霉、黄曲霉、烟曲霉4个种。从真菌种类的优势度来看,球枝孢为该海域第一优势种(7.97%),白色侧齿霉为第二优势种(3.60%),枝状枝孢为第三优势种(3.29%),疣孢青霉为第四优势种(3.04%)。鉴定出的收窄枝孢为中国新记录种。通过对菌株数量与理化因子的相关性分析发现,在19个站位的表层真菌数量与无机磷和硅酸盐呈显著正相关(P<0.05);表层侧齿霉属和曲霉属与总有机碳呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),曲霉属与pH呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),侧齿霉属与pH呈显著负相关(P<0.05),曲霉属与盐度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。底层真菌数量与悬浮物呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与总有机碳呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与pH呈显著负相关(P<0.05);底层枝孢属与悬浮物呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),侧齿霉属与溶解氧和总有机碳呈显著正相关(P<0.05),曲霉属与总有机碳呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。海水温度、油污和海水深度与真菌数量的相关性不明显。

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