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菌物学报  2015 

苹果炭疽叶枯病病原学研究

DOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.130273, PP. 13-25

Keywords: 果生刺盘孢,隐秘刺盘孢,炭疽病,盘长孢状刺盘孢复合群

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Abstract:

炭疽叶枯病菌能够侵染苹果叶片造成病叶早期干枯、脱落,侵染果实引起坏死性斑点。该病害近年来在我国一些苹果产区被发现,并有迅速蔓延的趋势。对采自河南和陕西的苹果炭疽叶枯病的病原菌进行了形态学、培养特性、致病性及分子系统发育研究,明确了引起该病害的病原为果生刺盘孢Colletotrichumfructicola和隐秘刺盘孢C.aenigma。经致病性测定,证明C.fructicola和C.aenigma对嘎拉、秦冠、金冠、粉红女士、太平洋玫瑰、金世纪、蜜脆等以金冠为亲本的品种叶片致病;在有伤接种时,C.fructicola和C.aenigma对嘎拉、金冠、秦冠、太平洋玫瑰、新红星、富士等品种果实具有致病性;在无伤接种时,C.fructicola对嘎拉、金冠果实致病,C.aenigma对嘎拉果实致病。研究结果表明,C.fructicola和C.aenigma对不同品种叶片和果实的致病性都存在明显的分化现象。

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