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化工学报  2012 

垃圾预处理条件对渗滤液组分及其微生物燃料电池处理效果的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2012.10.033, PP. 3236-3242

Keywords: 微生物燃料电池,预处理,渗滤液,有机污染物

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Abstract:

在实际生产生活中,城市垃圾焚烧或热解处置前一般需经过7~10d的堆放预处理,预处理可去除垃圾中部分水分、提高垃圾热值,对于垃圾处理质量、热能回收、污染物排放等有着重要的影响。因此,本实验详细跟踪了城市垃圾预处理条件如堆放温度、堆放时间等对城市垃圾含水率、渗滤液产生量和渗滤液组分的影响,并进一步考察了其对渗滤液微生物燃料电池处理效果的影响。垃圾堆放温度实验结果显示,当垃圾堆放于40℃时效果最佳,此时垃圾减重率适中,所得的渗滤液中B/C比约为0.31、氨氮浓度约为1560mg·L-1,适宜生化处理。此条件下所得的渗滤液经MFC处理时电池可获得0.29V的输出电压,且经7d处理后渗滤液中COD、氨氮去除率可分别达66.2%和87.2%。随后,在最佳堆放温度下进一步考察堆放时间的影响。结果显示,在最佳堆放温度40℃下,垃圾堆放6d后所得的渗滤液组分最易于生化处理,其B/C比约为0.32、氨氮浓度约为1520mg·L-1,经MFC处理时电池可获得0.29V的输出电压,且经7d处理后渗滤液中COD、氨氮的去除率分别为62.7%、87.6%。综上所述,40℃下堆放6d是城市垃圾焚烧或热解处置预处理的最佳条件,此条件下,垃圾减重率和渗滤液产生量适中,且所得渗滤液可生化性较强,适合用于MFC产电处理。

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