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化工学报  2012 

茶渣吸附U(Ⅵ)的特性

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2012.10.040, PP. 3291-3296

Keywords: 茶渣,铀溶液,吸附动力学,等温吸附线

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Abstract:

通过静态吸附实验,考察了铀溶液初始pH、初始浓度以及吸附时间、吸附剂粒度、温度对茶渣吸附U(Ⅵ)的影响,分析了吸附过程的动力学行为及等温吸附特性,并通过红外光谱和扫描电镜探讨了吸附机理。结果表明:pH对茶渣吸附U(Ⅵ)的影响较大,pH为2和6时吸附量分别为13.90、43.19mg·g-1。茶渣吸附U(Ⅵ)的过程较慢,吸附过程需要12h才能达到平衡。吸附过程的准二级动力学方程的拟合效果优于准一级动力学方程。吸附量随铀溶液浓度的增加而增大,而吸附率则相反。铀溶液初始浓度为10~100mg·L-1,相应的吸附量为9.40~70.05mg·g-1,吸附率为94.04%~70.05%。茶渣吸附U(Ⅵ)的动力学行为更符合准二级动力学方程,等温吸附数据对Freundlich方程的拟合度较高。茶渣粒度及温度对茶渣吸附U(Ⅵ)的影响不大。茶渣吸附U(Ⅵ)的过程中,起主要作用的基团有羟基、羰基、硝基、P—O、Si—O。

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