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化工学报  2012 

EA-AA共聚物增容的PVC-木质素共混物的热稳定性

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2012.10.045, PP. 3324-3329

Keywords: 聚氯乙烯,木质素,共混物,热稳定性,丙烯酸酯共聚物

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Abstract:

木质素分子中含有阻碍酚结构,可抑制基于自由基连锁机理的反应。而聚氯乙烯(PVC)的热降解属于自由基反应,因此用木质素与PVC共混,共混物的热稳定性应高于PVC,但PVC与木质素直接共混物的热稳定性一般都劣于PVC。制备了丙烯酸乙酯(EA)-丙烯酸(AA)共聚物乳液并用其对木质素粉末进行包覆处理。用处理后的木质素与PVC进行共混制备成PVC-木质素共混物。用热重分析法研究了共混物的热稳定性,并据扫描电子显微镜观测结果,结合木质素分子结构推测了共混物热稳定性的改善机理。结果表明,木质素用EA-AA共聚物处理后,共混物的热稳定性得到了明显改善,且优于PVC参照样(其初始分解温度和最大分解速率温度分别比PVC参照样高13℃和27℃左右)。扫描电子显微分析表明,木质素经丙烯酸酯共聚物处理后,与PVC的相容性改善显著,在PVC基体中分散良好。木质素羟基与EA-AA共聚物羧基的结合和分散颗粒的减小有效减弱了木质素的脱水作用,抑制了它对PVC的自催化脱氯化氢的促进作用,从而有效发挥了它的阻碍酚结构对PVC自催化脱氯化氢过程的抑制作用。

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