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化工学报  2014 

微污染水源水中重金属镉的去除

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.03.043, PP. 1076-1083

Keywords: 饮用水源,重金属,,强化混凝,水合二氧化锰,结构表征,形貌

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Abstract:

针对我国水源水中微量重金属污染特点,在不改变常规给水处理工艺前提下,提出了用水合二氧化锰去除饮用水中的微量重金属镉污染物的强化混凝工艺。采用硫代硫酸盐与高锰酸盐经氧化还原反应生成的水合二氧化锰处理含镉水源水,系统讨论了pH、浊度、腐殖酸等水质参数对水合氧化锰混凝除镉效能的影响;采用XRD、XPS技术并结合投射电镜技术对水合二氧化锰粒子的物相晶型、表面组成及水中形态进行了表征;采用透光脉动检测技术对水合二氧化锰絮凝的全过程进行了研究,把微观的絮体结构与形态观测同宏观的混凝现象结合起来进行综合分析,试图探讨水合二氧化锰混凝去除水中重金属镉的可能机理和特点。结果表明:水合二氧化锰为表面积大、吸附力强的非晶形胶体,对溶解态隔和吸附态镉均表现了优异去除能力,其去除金属镉的机理可能是依靠专属吸附、静电吸附以及网捕卷扫综合作用的结果。水合二氧化锰能够很有效去除水源水中的微量镉,并能使出水满足饮用水水质标准。

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