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化工学报  2014 

LaCl3改性Nieuwland催化剂催化乙炔二聚反应

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.04.015, PP. 1260-1266

Keywords: 催化剂,聚合,选择性,乙炔,二聚

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Abstract:

乙炔二聚反应制备乙烯基乙炔(MVA)是氯丁橡胶合成工艺中的重要过程。传统的乙炔二聚反应因Nieuwland催化体系与MVA形成的配合物的活性高,会进一步与乙炔反应形成二乙烯基乙炔(DVA),甚至高聚物。控制Nieuwland催化剂的活性,减少DVA和高聚物的产生,提高反应选择性,可实现节能减排。加入LaCl3以改善Nieuwland催化剂活性,调控乙炔二聚的催化行为。实验结果表明,LaCl3-Nieuwland催化剂可抑制DVA的产生,减少DVA与乙炔继续反应形成高聚物,可提高MVA的选择性。在反应温度80℃下,MVA/DVA值从6左右提高至19,MVA选择性由80%提高至95%,高聚物的生成量大幅度减少。LaCl3-Nieuwland催化剂具有良好的低温反应活性,60℃时,反应产物气相中MVA的体积分数达到10%。计算结果表明,传统Nieuwland催化剂存在下,MVA-乙炔反应生成DVA能垒较乙炔二聚形成MVA高379.8kJ·mol-1。而LaCl3-Nieuwland催化剂存在下,MVA-乙炔反应生成DVA能垒较乙炔二聚形成MVA高686.07kJ·mol-1。LaCl3-Nieuwland催化体系可强化乙炔二聚形成MVA。

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