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化工学报  2014 

钾长石水热碱法制取硫酸钾反应原理与过程评价

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.06.056, PP. 2363-2371

Keywords: 富钾正长岩,水热,化学反应,硫酸钾,硅灰石,高岭土,绿色加工

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Abstract:

针对东秦岭-大别地区富钾正长岩资源的高效清洁利用技术难题,以代表性产地的钾长石粉体为原料,研究了在KOH-H2O介质中钾长石的水热稳定性、水热碱法制取硫酸钾的反应原理,以及硅铝组分资源化利用关键技术。结果表明,钾长石在KOH碱液作用下极易脱去2/3的SiO2而转变为钾霞石相,使K2O富集约1倍;继而以硫酸溶解,可得近于纯净的硫酸钾近饱和溶液;经蒸发结晶或醇析法,即可制成农用硫酸钾优等品。脱硅碱液与石灰乳反应所得水合硅酸钙沉淀,经水热晶化及煅烧,产物为针状硅灰石。剩余铝硅尾渣经纯化处理和煅烧,即制成煅烧高岭土。整个工艺过程简捷高效,K2O回收率达94.0%以上,可实现资源利用率最大化,一次性资源消耗量最小化,且环境相容性良好。

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