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化工学报  2015 

新疆托里油砂分段热解机理

DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20150493, PP. 4626-4633

Keywords: 油砂,热重分析,气体逸出顺序,核磁和红外分析,热解机理

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Abstract:

在热重分析仪中考察了不同升温速率下油砂的热解特性,结果表明:油砂样品失重过程分为少量气体脱附、低温热解、主要热解、半焦缩聚4个阶段。通过微型固定床与在线质谱耦合测得的气体释放顺序为CO2、CO、C2H6、CH4和H2,所对应的初释温度分别为155、178、146、174、354℃。结合核磁和红外对不同温度段液固产物的化学结构进行分析,发现350℃前主要是油砂中轻质油脱附,还包括羧基和烷基侧链的断裂,轻质油品中芳碳率达7.92%;350~520℃之间为油砂的主要热解阶段,油砂油结构中芳碳率为23.51%。据Coats-Redfern法计算得到油砂低温热解和主要热解段的活化能分别为27.63和90.30kJ·mol-1,说明开环与裂解反应所需活化能大于油砂油脱附、羧基分解和弱键断裂反应的活化能,揭示了分段热解机理。

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