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化工学报  2015 

EVA/纳米蒙脱土复合降凝剂对长庆含蜡原油的作用规律

DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20150456, PP. 4611-4617

Keywords: EVA,石油,聚合物,复合材料,黏度

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Abstract:

利用纳米蒙脱土(MMT)特殊的带电性,使用含长烷基侧链的季铵盐对其插层改性得到有机改性蒙脱土(O-MMT)。采用熔融共混法制备O-MMT与EVA(聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯)降凝剂的复合产物EVA/O-MMT,以国内典型含蜡长庆原油为研究对象,通过流变实验从宏观上评价EVA/O-MMT对长庆油的作用效果,并与EVA降凝剂进行对比,利用DSC和偏光显微镜考察加剂前后原油的结晶特性和蜡晶形貌的变化。结果表明:与纯EVA降凝剂相比较,EVA/O-MMT在最优加剂浓度50mg·kg-1下使长庆原油胶凝点、黏度、屈服值进一步降低(胶凝点降低2.5℃,5℃下的平均降黏率为25%,3℃下的屈服值下降55.5%),从而大幅改善长庆原油的低温流变性。DSC放热特性表明O-MMT的引入可以提升EVA的初始结晶温度,拓宽EVA结晶放热区间,降低原油析蜡点。显微结果表明添加EVA/O-MMT的原油在低温下蜡晶结构更致密。

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