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化工学报  2015 

双尾型丙烯酰胺类疏水缔合共聚物的合成与表征

DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20140880, PP. 1215-1220

Keywords: 光引发自由基聚合,双尾型疏水单体,聚合物,溶液,黏度

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Abstract:

通过光引发自由基聚合的方式,将双尾型丙烯酰胺类疏水单体(N-苯乙基-N-十四烷基甲基丙烯酰胺,PETMAM),与丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)等水溶性单体进行共聚,制备出双尾型疏水缔合水溶性共聚物(DTHAP),来解决丙烯酰胺类聚合物耐温抗盐性以及稳定性差的难题。通过测定聚合物溶液的表观黏度作为评价其性能的主要手段,考察了丙烯酸加量、盐、表面活性剂(SDS)含量、疏水单体含量等因素对聚合物性能的影响,从而确定了比较理想的反应条件。实验中发现:丙烯酸加量和表面活性剂含量的变化会影响聚合物的临界缔合行为;盐的引入能够显著降低表面活性剂的用量,提高聚合物的增黏效果;疏水单体含量较低时[0.35%~0.45%(mol)],聚合物可以表现出明显的增黏效果。当聚合物浓度为1g·L-1时,聚合物的黏度可以达到141.5mPa·s,其临界缔合浓度(CAC)为0.75g·L-1左右。聚合物在120g·L-1的NaCl溶液和120g·L-1NaCl、0.4g·L-1CaCl2溶液中,80℃下老化90d,黏度分别为47.6mPa·s和45.9mPa·s。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜两种手段,表征了聚合物的结构。

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