Lin Xiaoxi (林晓曦), Qi Zuoliang (祁佐良), Dong Jiasheng (董佳生). Research on the mechanism of enlargement of portwine stains [J]. Journal of Practical Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery (实用美容整形外科), 2000, 11 (3): 126-129
[2]
Kim B S, Lee J B, Jang H S, Kwon Y W, Oh C K. Multiple basal cell carcinomas arising in a port-wine stain with a remote history of therapeutic irradiation [J]. J.Dermatol., 2004, 31 (10): 820-823
[3]
Kercher, D M, Sheer R E, So R M C. Short duration heat transfer studies at high free-stream temperatures [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 1983, 105 (1): 156-166
[4]
Kelly K M, Nelson J S. Update on the clinical management of port wine stains [J]. Lasers in Medical Science, 2000, 15 (4): 220-226
[5]
Karapetian E, Aguilar G, Kimel S, Lavernia E J, Nelson J S. Effects of mass flow rate and droplet velocity on surface heat flux during cryogen spray cooling [J]. Physics in Medicine and Biolog, 2003, 48: N1-N6
[6]
Zhou Z F, Wu W T, Chen B, Wang G X, Guo L J. An experimental study on the spray and thermal characteristics of R134a two-phase flashing spray [J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2012, 55 (15/16): 4460-4468
[7]
Majaron B, Nelson J S. Optical-Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Tissue[M]. Netherlands: Springer, 2011: 859-913
[8]
Nelson J S, Milner T E, Anvari B, Tanenbaum B S, Kimel S, Svaasand L O, Jacques, S L. Dynamic epidermal cooling during pulsed laser treatment of port-wine stain: a new methodology with preliminary clinical evaluation [J]. Arch.Dermatol., 1995, 131 (6): 695-700
[9]
Chang C J, Anvari B, Nelson S J. Cryogen spray cooling for spatially selective photocoagulation of hemangiomas: a new methodology with preliminary clinical reports [J]. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 1998, 102 (2): 459-463
[10]
Tunnell J W, Chang D W, Johnstone C, Torres J H, Patrick C W, Miller M J, Anvari B. Effects of cryogen spray cooling and high radiant exposures on selective vascular injury during laser irradiation of human skin [J]. Arch. Dermatol., 2003, 139 (6): 743-750
[11]
Dai T, Yaseen M A, Diagaradjane P, Yaseen M A, Diagaradjane P. Comparative study of cryogen spray cooling with R-134a and R-404a: implications for laser treatment of dark human skin [J]. J.Biomed.Opt., 2006, 11 (4): 041116-041127
[12]
Zhou Z F, Chen B, Wang Y S, Guo L J, Wang G X. An experimental study on pulsed spray cooling with refrigerant R-404a in laser surgery [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2012, 39: 29-36
[13]
Franco W, Liu J, Wang G X. Radial and temporal variations in surface heat transfer during cryogen spray cooling [J]. Phys.Med.Biol., 2005, 50 (2): 387-397
[14]
Sher E, Bar-Kohany T, Rashkovan A. Flash-boiling atomization [J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2008, 34 (4): 417-439
[15]
Zhou Zhifu (周致富), Wu Weitao (吴威涛), Wang Guoxiang (王国祥), Chen Bin (陈斌), Wang Yueshe (王跃社), Gong Zheng (龚政). Thin-film thermocouples for rapid measurement of transient surface temperature in cryogen spray cooling [J]. CIESC Journal (化工学报), 2011, 62 (11): 3060-3064
[16]
Duck F A. Physical Properties of Tissues: A Comprehensive Book [M]. London: Acadamic Press, 1990
[17]
Pikkula B M, Torres J H, Chang D W, Lavernia E J, Nelson J S. Effects of mass flow rate and droplet velocity on surface heat flux during cryogen spray cooling [J]. Phys.Med.Biol., 2001, 28 (2): 113-120
[18]
Taler J. Theory of transient experimental techniques for surface heat thansfer [J]. Heat Mass Transfer, 1996, 17: 3733-3748
[19]
Aguilar G, Wang G X, Nelson J S. Effect of spurt duration on the heat transfer dynamics during cryogen spray cooling [J]. Phys.Med.Biol., 2003, 48: 2168-2181
[20]
Choi B, Welch A J. Infrared imaging of 2-d temperature distribution during cryogen spray cooling Trans [J]. ASME J.Biomech.Eng., 2002, 124: 669-675
